3V0-24.25 Exam Dumps - VMware VCAP-VKS Questions and Answers

VCF 9.0 documents that you obtain access to the Supervisor (and the contexts you’re entitled to, which commonly correspond to namespaces and workload clusters) by authenticating withkubectl vsphere login. The procedure “Get and Use the Supervisor Context” explains that after you log in, a Kubernetes configuration context is generated and you can view it in$HOME/.kube/config, which is “commonly called the kubeconfig file.”

The documentation is explicit that running kubectl vsphere login --server= --vsphere-username “creates a configuration file with the JSON Web Token (JWT) to authenticate to the Kubernetes API,” and then lists how to view and switch contexts using kubectl config get-contexts and kubectl config use-context.

This matches optionDprecisely: you don’t “download” kubeconfig from VCF Operations or a Supervisor Services page; instead, you generate/update your kubeconfig locally by logging in withkubectl’s vSphere plugin, which writes the required cluster/user/context details into .kube/config.

VCF 9.0 explicitly states: “The VKS exposes three layers of controllers to manage the lifecycle of a VKS cluster,” and then enumerates those layers. The first layer is the set of components that integrate the workload cluster with Supervisor-backed resources, including aCloud Provider Plug-inthat integrates with the Supervisor and enables infrastructure integrations such as persistent volume requests being passed to the Supervisor (which is integrated with Cloud Native Storage). The second layer isCluster API, described as providing “declarative, Kubernetes-style APIs for cluster creation, configuration, and management,” driven by resources that represent the cluster, the VMs making up the cluster, and cluster add-ons. The third layer is theVirtual Machine Service, which provides a declarative API for managing VMs and associated vSphere resources and is used to manage the lifecycle of the control plane and worker node VMs hosting a VKS cluster.

Therefore, optionAis the only answer that matches the three lifecycle controller layers defined in the VCF 9.0 documentation.

The error shows an admission webhook denial wherevariable validation failedand multiple entries under spec.topology.variables[...] are reported as“variable is not defined”. That message indicates the manifest is supplying variables that arenot part of the current Cluster API / topology schemaenforced by the Supervisor during cluster creation. In VKS, cluster provisioning isdeclarative: you invoke the VKS API withkubectl + a YAML file, and “after the cluster is created, you update the YAML to update the cluster.” When the API/schema changes between releases, older manifests can contain fields/variables that are no longer recognized, and the admission webhook blocks them to prevent creating an invalid cluster spec.

This aligns with VMware’s broader direction that the olderTanzuKubernetesCluster (TKC) API was deprecatedand customers are encouraged to useCluster APIfor bootstrap/config/lifecycle management. In practice, to complete the upgrade/creation successfully, you must update the cluster manifest to match the supported schema:remove the deprecated/unknown topology variablesshown in the error (for example, the undefined storage-policy and trust variables) and re-apply the correctedworkload.yaml.

VCF 9.0 describesCloud Native Storage (CNS) on vCenteras the component that implements “provisioning and lifecycle operations for persistent volumes.” When provisioning persistent volumes, CNS “interacts with the vSphere First Class Disk functionality to create virtual disks that back the volumes,” and it “communicates with Storage Policy Based Management to guarantee a required level of service to the disks.” This is exactly the storage-policy-to-backed-virtual-disk relationship the question is testing: storage policies (via policy-based management) define requirements, and CNS is the vCenter-side service that applies those requirements while creating and managing the backing storage objects.

In contrast,CSI(including Supervisor CNS-CSI and VKS pvCSI) is the Kubernetes-facing interface/driver used to request and consume storage, but it does not “provide” the vSphere storage policy system; rather, it relies on CNS/CNS-CSI and vCenter services to fulfill provisioning requests. Therefore,vSphere Cloud Native Storage (CNS)is the correct choice.

In Workload Management, updating the Supervisor and updating VKS clusters are related but distinct lifecycle operations. The Supervisor runs its own Kubernetes distribution, while VKS clusters consume vSphere Kubernetes releases (VKrs). These are “delivered differently,” with Supervisor Kubernetes releases and VKrs each having their own release cadence and compatibility constraints. As a result, successfully updating the Supervisor control plane does not automatically change the Kubernetes version running inside an existing VKS workload cluster; the VKS cluster must be updated to a compatible VKr separately. This mismatch is exactly why an application can still fail after a Supervisor update: the DevOps engineer is still deploying onto a cluster that hasn’t been updated to the Kubernetes version required by the application (or by the API versions/features it depends on). Additionally, Workload Management enforces sequential minor-version updates and compatibility checks between Supervisor and VKrs, so the correct remediation is to update the VKS cluster to an appropriate VKr that satisfies both application needs and Supervisor compatibility.

In VCF 9.0 Workload Management, workload backup for VKS clusters (and vSphere Pods) is performed using Velero, specifically theVelero Plugin for vSpherefor Supervisor/VKS scenarios. The documentation describes that you must firstprovide an S3-compatible object storeas part of installing and configuring the Velero Plugin for vSphere, because backup data (Kubernetes metadata and volume snapshot data movement) relies on object storage rather than “namespace storage.” The backup workflow further indicates that when you create a backup, the system uploadsKubernetes metadata to the object store, and persistent volume snapshot handling is coordinated through the plugin components (Snapshot/Upload custom resources).

Therefore, the correct configuration pattern is to point Velero’s backup target (BackupStorageLocation) at anS3-compatible object storeendpoint so metadata and snapshot payloads have a durable destination. This aligns with the documented prerequisite that object storage is required to enable backup/restore operations for persistent workloads, and it is the mechanism Velero uses to store backup artifacts for later restore operations in VKS environments.

VCF 9.0 describes Supervisor networking with NSX as a model whereNSX provides network connectivity to Supervisor control plane VMs, services, and workloads, and where the Supervisor can use either the NSX Load Balancer or the Avi Load Balancer. In the NSX + Avi design, the documentation identifies theAvi Load Balancer Controlleras a core infrastructure element: the Controller “interacts with vCenter to automate the load balancing for the VKS clusters,” and is responsible for provisioning and coordinating Service Engines and exposing operational interfaces.

Also, the Supervisor itself is anchored by theSupervisor control plane virtual machines. VCF 9.0 explains you deploy the Supervisor with one or three control plane VMs, and in a three-zone Supervisor the control plane VMs are distributed across zones for high availability.

Finally, because the requirement explicitly calls for a unified networking/security model throughNSX, theNSX Manager virtual machineis foundational to the NSX-based Supervisor design, as shown in the documented architecture and component descriptions for NSX-backed Supervisor deployments.

VCF 9.0 describes a vSphere Namespace as the control point where administrators defineresource boundariesfor workloads, explicitly stating that vSphere administrators can create namespaces and “configure them with specified amount ofmemory, CPU, and storage,” and that you can “set limits forCPU, memory, storage” for a namespace. This directly supports stepAas a day-2 control to keep multi-tenant clusters governed and prevent resource contention across different teams and workload types.

For monitoring and optimization, VCF 9.0 explains that day-2 operations include visibility into utilization and operational metrics for VKS clusters, noting that application teams can use day-2 actions and gain insights intoCPU and memory utilizationand advanced metrics (including contention and availability) for VKS clusters. In addition, VCF 9.0 monitoring guidance for VKS clusters states thatTelegraf and Prometheusmust be installed and configured on each VKS cluster before metrics and object details are sent for monitoring, and that VCF Operations supports metrics collection for Kubernetes objects (namespaces, nodes, pods, containers) via Prometheus. Since the Prometheus stack commonly includes Grafana dashboards for visualization, deployingPrometheus + Grafanamatches the required monitoring/optimization outcome inC.

VKS cluster lifecycle is managed using adeclarative API: you usekubectl with a YAML fileto specify the desired state of the cluster (for example: “how many nodes,” Kubernetes version, sizing, and storage). After the cluster is created, youupdate the YAMLto update the cluster. This is why the correct operational approach is to modify the cluster manifest (cluster.yaml) rather than deleting and redeploying.

Additionally, VKS uses multiple controller layers, whereCluster APIand theVirtual Machine Serviceare responsible for provisioning and managing the lifecycle of the control plane and worker node VMs that make up the VKS cluster. In other words, when you change the declared state for control plane sizing/replica count in the cluster YAML, the platform reconciles to that new state by adjusting the underlying control plane VMs through the supported controllers, instead of requiring disruptive “tear down and rebuild” operations.

So, editing the cluster.yaml to adjust the control plane replica count is the method that matches the documented VKS declarative operations model and controller-driven reconciliation.

Configuration Sequence (in order):

Deactivate the service.

Confirm uninstallation.

Delete the service.

Confirm deletion.

Uninstalling a Supervisor Service cleanly follows a “stop/remove/cleanup” pattern to avoid orphaned components and to ensure the Supervisor isn’t still reconciling the service while you remove it. First, youDeactivate the serviceso the Supervisor stops managing and running the Harbor service components. This prevents new service resources from being created while you are attempting to remove them and allows the platform to transition the service into a non-operational state safely.

Next, youConfirm uninstallationto initiate the removal workflow. This step acknowledges that the service’s deployed components (such as pods, controllers, and any associated objects) will be removed from the Supervisor-managed environment. After the uninstall workflow is initiated and the service is no longer active, you proceed toDelete the serviceto remove the Harbor service registration/entry from the Supervisor Services list, ensuring it is no longer available to namespaces or consumers. Finally, youConfirm deletionas the last safeguard, since deletion is typically destructive and removes the service definition from the environment’s available services catalog.