400-007 Exam Dumps - Cisco CCDE v3.0 Questions and Answers

Both FabricPath and TRILL are Layer 2 multipath technologies designed to eliminate spanning tree and allow for efficient forwarding across Layer 2 fabrics using routing techniques:

B (FabricPath permits active-active FHRP and TRILL supports anycast gateway):FabricPath (Cisco proprietary) integrates with vPC+ to allow active-active First Hop Redundancy Protocol (FHRP) operation at the access layer. This enables multiple default gateways to operate simultaneously, improving resiliency and utilization.TRILL (IEEE standard) uses anycast gateway functionality natively, where multiple switches share the same IP and MAC address for default gateway, allowing hosts to forward to any available gateway, providing active-active behavior at Layer 3.

Other options explained:

A: Incorrect — both FabricPath and TRILL are based on IS-IS for control plane operations; VXLAN is not part of TRILL.

C: Incorrect — both FabricPath and TRILL support ECMP (Equal Cost Multi-Path) to utilize multiple paths efficiently.

D: Incorrect — both technologies allow active-active forwarding at Layer 2.

This comparison highlights CCDE v3.1 design expertise in data center fabric architectures and control plane technologies.

NETCONF (Network Configuration Protocol) is a standardized protocol used for automating configuration and management of network devices. According to IETF standards (RFC 6241), the required encoding for NETCONF is:

XML (Extensible Markup Language)

Cisco IOS XE supports NETCONF over SSH and uses XML to structure both configuration data and RPC messages. XML allows strict schema validation (via YANG models), extensibility, and rich hierarchical structure required for modern network automation.

Other formats:

HTML is not a data encoding method.

YAML is typically used with configuration management tools, not NETCONF.

JSON is supported in RESTCONF, not in traditional NETCONF.

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B (Platform as a Service – PaaS): In a PaaS model, the cloud provider manages the operating system, middleware, runtime, and platform stack. The customer is only responsible for deploying and managing the application itself.

This abstraction allows developers to focus on application logic without worrying about the infrastructure or platform details.

Other options explained:

A (IaaS): Customer manages OS, middleware, and runtime; provider manages hardware and virtualization.

C (SaaS): Customer simply consumes the application; all layers are managed by the provider.

D (BMaaS): Bare Metal as a Service — customer has full control over hardware and all software layers.

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B (Minimize operational costs): A common business goal to reduce long-term operating expenses.

E (Reduce complexity): Simplifying designs reduces operational overhead, risk, and failure domains.

Why other options are incorrect:

A: Resiliency is a design goal, but not a business objective itself.

C: Endpoint posture is a technical security feature.

D: Faster obsolescence contradicts business optimization.

D (EoMPLS - Ethernet over MPLS):EoMPLS allows Layer 2 extension across MPLS without IP addressing or routing changes, preserving VLANs and broadcast domains — ideal for extending CCTV networks transparently.

Other options explained:

A: GRE encapsulates Layer 3, requiring IP configurations.

B: L2TPv3 is possible but not common over MPLS SP networks.

C: VXLAN is more suited for data center overlays, not WAN/MPLS integration.

To conserve IPv4 addresses and achieve fast convergence:

B: Using /31 subnets for point-to-point (P2P) links enables each link to consume only two IP addresses. This is widely supported and conserves address space.

C: A hub-and-spoke design with P2P links minimizes the number of neighbor relationships and simplifies routing convergence.

Other options:

A: Multipoint Metro-E introduces neighbor adjacency complexity and DR/BDR elections, which delay convergence.

D: Aggregation is more applicable to prefix summarization, not address conservation per link.

E: DR/BDR roles apply only in broadcast/multicast environments, not P2P links.

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When data center fabrics are extended across multiple private and public clouds, as in hybrid or multi-cloud designs, enterprises benefit from:

C. Ability to place workloads across clouds: Application and workload mobility is a key outcome of interconnected data center fabrics. It supports disaster recovery, scaling, and cost optimization strategies.

D. Centralized visibility: Modern SDN/cloud-integrated platforms offer centralized control and monitoring across domains, giving IT teams end-to-end insight regardless of workload location.

These principles support the CCDE v3.1 goals for cloud-aligned architecture, which promotes flexibility, operational simplicity, and global-scale services.

Why other options are incorrect:

A: Enhanced security is a benefit but not guaranteed simply by interconnecting clouds; it depends on the actual security controls in place.

B: Cloud deployments may compromise data and network ownership, especially in public models.

E: Cloud mobility is typically bidirectional when fully designed; unidirectional behavior is limiting and not an intended design goal.

A (VXLAN offers native loop avoidance): VXLAN uses Layer 3 underlay with encapsulation, inherently avoiding Layer 2 loops common in traditional Layer 2 fabrics.

Why other options are incorrect:

B: Storm control mitigates broadcast storms but doesn't prevent loops.

C: vPC+ helps but doesn’t replace VXLAN's loop-free architecture.

D: BPDU Guard helps protect edge ports, but loop prevention in VXLAN is primarily handled by its Layer 3 foundation.

B (Communicates desired behavior to controllers):In SDN architecture, the application layer contains business logic and network applications that request services or behaviors from the controller through northbound APIs.

Other options explained:

A: Refers to the controller’s role in collecting network status.

C: Refers to data plane (switches/routers) handling packet forwarding.

D: Misrepresents control plane-controller interaction.

A (Design expecting outages and attacks):In WAN design, resiliency requires assuming that failures and attacks will occur. This drives the use of redundancy, diverse paths, and proactive failure mitigation techniques.

Other options explained:

B/C/D: While important, these focus on operational efficiency rather than core resiliency principles.