AZ-700 Exam Dumps - Microsoft Certified: Azure Network Engineer Associate Questions and Answers

Here are the steps and explanations for ensuring that subnet4-3 can accommodate 507 hosts:

To determine the subnet size that can accommodate 507 hosts, you need to use the formula: number of hosts = 2^(32 - n) - 2, where n is the number of bits in the subnet mask1. You need to find the value of n that satisfies this equation for 507 hosts.

To solve this equation, you can use trial and error or a binary search method. For example, you can start with n = 24, which is the default subnet mask for Class C networks. Then, plug in the value of n into the formula and see if it is too big or too small for 507 hosts.

If you try n = 24, you get number of hosts = 2^(32 - 24) - 2 = 254, which is too small. You need to increase the value of n to get a larger number of hosts.

If you try n = 25, you get number of hosts = 2^(32 - 25) - 2 = 510, which is just enough to accommodate 507 hosts. You can stop here or try a smaller value of n to see if it still works.

If you try n = 26, you get number of hosts = 2^(32 - 26) - 2 = 254, which is too small again. You need to decrease the value of n to get a larger number of hosts.

Therefore, the smallest value of n that can accommodate 507 hosts is n = 25. This means that the subnet mask for subnet4-3 should be /25 or 255.255.255.128 in dot-decimal notation1.

To change the subnet mask for subnet4-3, you need to go to the Azure portal and select your virtual network. Then select Subnets under Settings and select subnet4-3 from the list2.

On the Edit subnet page, under Address range (CIDR block), change the value from /24 to /25. Then select Save2.

To provide a single host name that routes traffic based on the origin, you can use Azure Traffic Manager. This service allows you to route traffic to different endpoints based on various routing methods, including geographic routing.

Navigate to the Azure Portal.

Search for “Traffic Manager profiles” and select it.

Click on “Create”.

Enter the following details:

Name: Enter a name for the Traffic Manager profile (e.g., ContosoTrafficManager).

Routing method: Select Geographic.

Subscription: Select your subscription.

Resource group: Select an existing resource group or create a new one.

Resource group location: Choose a location (this does not affect the routing).

Click on “Create”.

Navigate to the newly created Traffic Manager profile.

Select “Endpoints” from the left-hand menu.

Click on “Add” to add a new endpoint.

Enter the following details:

Type: Select External endpoint.

Name: Enter a name for the endpoint (e.g., NewYorkEndpoint).

FQDN: Enter ny.contoso.com.

Geographic region: Select “World” (this will be adjusted later).

Click on “Add” to save the endpoint.

Repeat the process to add the second endpoint:

Type: Select External endpoint.

Name: Enter a name for the endpoint (e.g., GermanyEndpoint).

FQDN: Enter de.contoso.com.

Geographic region: Select Europe.

Navigate to the Traffic Manager profile.

Select “Configuration” from the left-hand menu.

Under “Geographic routing”, adjust the regions:

For the GermanyEndpoint, ensure that the geographic region is set to Europe.

For the NewYorkEndpoint, ensure that the geographic region is set to World (excluding Europe).

Use a DNS query tool to test the routing.

From a location in Germany, query the Traffic Manager profile’s DNS name and ensure it resolves to de.contoso.com.

From a location outside Europe, query the Traffic Manager profile’s DNS name and ensure it resolves to ny.contoso.com.

Azure Traffic Manager: This service uses DNS to direct client requests to the most appropriate endpoint based on the routing method you choose. Geographic routing ensures that traffic is directed based on the origin of the request.

Geographic Routing: This method allows you to route traffic based on the geographic location of the DNS query origin, ensuring that users are directed to the nearest or most appropriate endpoint.

Step-by-Step SolutionStep 1: Create a Traffic Manager ProfileStep 2: Configure EndpointsStep 3: Adjust Geographic RoutingStep 4: Test the ConfigurationExplanationBy following these steps, you can provide a single host name that routes traffic to de.contoso.com for users in Germany and to ny.contoso.com for users from other locations, ensuring efficient and appropriate traffic management.

Here are the steps and explanations for ensuring that hosts on VNET2 can access hosts on both VNET1 and VNET3, but hosts on VNET1 and VNET3 cannot communicate through VNET2:

To connect different virtual networks in Azure, you need to use virtual network peering. Virtual network peering allows you to create low-latency, high-bandwidth connections between virtual networks without using gateways or the internet1.

To create a virtual network peering, you need to go to the Azure portal and select your virtual network. Then select Peerings under Settings and select + Add2.

On the Add peering page, enter or select the following information:

Name: Type a unique name for the peering from the source virtual network to the destination virtual network.

Virtual network deployment model: Select Resource manager.

Subscription: Select the subscription that contains the destination virtual network.

Virtual network: Select the destination virtual network from the list or enter its resource ID.

Name of the peering from [destination virtual network] to [source virtual network]: Type a unique name for the peering from the destination virtual network to the source virtual network.

Configure virtual network access settings: Select Enabled to allow resources in both virtual networks to communicate with each other.

Allow forwarded traffic: Select Disabled to prevent traffic that originates from outside either of the peered virtual networks from being forwarded through either of them.

Allow gateway transit: Select Disabled to prevent either of the peered virtual networks from using a gateway in the other virtual network.

Use remote gateways: Select Disabled to prevent either of the peered virtual networks from using a gateway in the other virtual network as a transit point to another network.

Select Add to create the peering2.

Repeat the previous steps to create peerings between VNET2 and VNET1, and between VNET2 and VNET3. This will allow hosts on VNET2 to access hosts on both VNET1 and VNET3.

To prevent hosts on VNET1 and VNET3 from communicating through VNET2, you need to use network security groups (NSGs) to filter traffic between subnets. NSGs are rules that allow or deny inbound or outbound traffic based on source or destination IP address, port, or protocol3.

To create an NSG, you need to go to the Azure portal and select Create a resource. Search for network security group and select Network security group. Then select Create4.

On the Create a network security group page, enter or select the following information:

Subscription: Select your subscription name.

Resource group: Select your resource group name.

Name: Type a unique name for your NSG.

Region: Select the same region as your virtual networks.

Select Review + create and then select Create to create your NSG4.

To add rules to your NSG, you need to go to the Network security groups service in the Azure portal and select your NSG. Then select Inbound security rules or Outbound security rules under Settings and select + Add4.

On the Add inbound security rule page or Add outbound security rule page, enter or select the following information:

Source or Destination: Select CIDR block.

Source CIDR blocks or Destination CIDR blocks: Enter the IP address range of the source or destination subnet that you want to filter. For example, 10.0.1.0/24 for VNET1 subnet 1, 10.0.2.0/24 for VNET2 subnet 1, and 10.0.3.0/24 for VNET3 subnet 1.

Protocol: Select Any to apply the rule to any protocol.

Action: Select Deny to block traffic from or to the source or destination subnet.

Priority: Enter a number between 100 and 4096 that indicates the order of evaluation for this rule. Lower numbers have higher priority than higher numbers.

Name: Type a unique name for your rule.

Select Add to create your rule4.

Repeat the previous steps to create inbound and outbound rules for your NSG that deny traffic between VNET1 and VNET3 subnets. For example, you can create an inbound rule that denies traffic from 10.0.1.0/24 (VNET1 subnet 1) to 10.0.3.0/24 (VNET3 subnet 1), and an outbound rule that denies traffic from 10.0.3.0/24 (VNET3 subnet 1) to 10.0.1.0/24 (VNET1 subnet 1).

To associate your NSG with a subnet, you need to go to the Virtual networks service in the Azure portal and select your virtual network. Then select Subnets under Settings and select the subnet that you want to associate with your NSG5.

On the Edit subnet page, under Network security group, select your NSG from the drop-down list. Then select Save5.

Repeat the previous steps to associate your NSG with the subnets in VNET1 and VNET3 that you want to isolate from each other.

Here are the steps and explanations for ensuring that the storage34280945 storage account will only accept connections from hosts on VNET1:

To restrict network access to your storage account, you need to configure the Azure Storage firewall and virtual network settings for your storage account. You can do this in the Azure portal by selecting your storage account and then selecting Networking under Settings1.

On the Networking page, select Firewalls and virtual networks, and then select Selected networks under Allow access from1. This will block all access to your storage account except from the networks or resources that you specify.

Under Virtual networks, select + Add existing virtual network. Then select VNET1 from the list of virtual networks and select the subnet that contains the hosts that you want to allow access to your storage account1. This will enable a service endpoint for Storage in the subnet and configure a virtual network rule for that subnet through the Azure storage firewall2.

Select Add to add the virtual network and subnet to your storage account1.

Select Save to apply your changes1.

To deploy a firewall to subnetl-2, you need to create a network virtual appliance (NVA) in the same virtual network as subnetl-2. An NVA is a virtual machine that performs network functions, such as firewall, routing, or load balancing1.

To create an NVA, you need to create a virtual machine in the Azure portal and select an image that has the firewall software installed. You can choose from the Azure Marketplace or upload your own image2.

To assign the IP address of 10.1.2.4 to the NVA, you need to create a static private IP address for the network interface of the virtual machine. You can do this in the IP configurations settings of the network interface3.

To ensure that traffic from subnetl-1 to the IP address range of 192.168.10.0/24 is routed through the NVA, you need to create a user-defined route (UDR) table and associate it with subnetl-1. A UDR table allows you to override the default routing behavior of Azure and specify custom routes for your subnets4.

To create a UDR table, you need to go to the Route tables service in the Azure portal and select + Create. You can give a name and a resource group for the route table5.

To create a custom route, you need to select Routes in the route table and select + Add. You can enter the following information for the route5:

Destination: 192.168.10.0/24

Next hop type: Virtual appliance

Next hop address: 10.1.2.4

To associate the route table with subnetl-1, you need to select Subnets in the route table and select + Associate. You can select the virtual network and subnet that you want to associate with the route table5.

To prevent all Azure hosts outside of subnet1-2 from connecting to TCP port 5585 on hosts within subnet1-2, you can use a Network Security Group (NSG). This solution is straightforward and minimizes administrative effort.

Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Create a Network Security Group (NSG)

Navigate to the Azure Portal.

Search for “Network security groups” and select it.

Click on “Create”.

Enter the following details:

Subscription: Select your subscription.

Resource Group: Select an existing resource group or create a new one.

Name: Enter a name for the NSG (e.g., NSG-Subnet1-2).

Region: Select the region where your virtual network is located.

Click on “Review + create” and then “Create”.

Step 2: Create an Inbound Security Rule

Navigate to the newly created NSG.

Select “Inbound security rules” from the left-hand menu.

Click on “Add” to create a new rule.

Enter the following details:

Source: Select Service Tag.

Source Service Tag: Select VirtualNetwork.

Source port ranges: Leave as *.

Destination: Select IP Addresses.

Destination IP addresses/CIDR ranges: Enter the IP range of subnet1-2 (e.g., 10.1.2.0/24).

Destination port ranges: Enter 5585.

Protocol: Select TCP.

Action: Select Deny.

Priority: Enter a priority value (e.g., 100).

Name: Enter a name for the rule (e.g., Deny-TCP-5585).

Click on “Add” to create the rule.

Step 3: Associate the NSG with Subnet1-2

Navigate to the virtual network that contains subnet1-2.

Select “Subnets” from the left-hand menu.

Select subnet1-2 from the list of subnets.

Click on “Network security group”.

Select the NSG you created (NSG-Subnet1-2).

Click on “Save”.

Explanation

Network Security Group (NSG): NSGs are used to filter network traffic to and from Azure resources in an Azure virtual network. They contain security rules that allow or deny inbound and outbound traffic based on source and destination IP addresses, port, and protocol1.

Inbound Security Rule: By creating a rule that denies traffic on TCP port 5585 from any source outside of subnet1-2, you ensure that only hosts within subnet1-2 can connect to this port.

Association with Subnet: Associating the NSG with subnet1-2 ensures that the security rules are applied to all resources within this subnet.

By following these steps, you can effectively prevent all Azure hosts outside of subnet1-2 from connecting to TCP port 5585 on hosts within subnet1-2, while minimizing administrative effort.

Here are the steps and explanations for creating a policy that can be linked to the planned application gateway and block connections from IP addresses in the 131.107.150.0/24 range:

To create a policy, you need to go to the Azure portal and select Create a resource. Search for WAF, select Web Application Firewall, then select Create1.

On the Create a WAF policy page, Basics tab, enter or select the following information and accept the defaults for the remaining settings:

Policy for: Regional WAF (Application Gateway)

Subscription: Select your subscription name

Resource group: Select your resource group

Policy name: Type a unique name for your WAF policy

On the Custom rules tab, select Add a rule to create a custom rule that blocks connections from IP addresses in the 131.107.150.0/24 range2. Enter or select the following information for the custom rule:

Rule name: Type a unique name for your custom rule

Priority: Type a number that indicates the order of evaluation for this rule

Rule type: Select Match rule

Match variable: Select RemoteAddr

Operator: Select IPMatch

Match values: Type 131.107.150.0/24

Action: Select Block

On the Review + create tab, review your settings and select Create to create your WAF policy1.

To link your policy to the planned application gateway, you need to go to the Application Gateway service in the Azure portal and select your application gateway3.

On the Web application firewall tab, select your WAF policy from the drop-down list and select Save

To minimize the risk of SNAT port exhaustion for your 100 virtual machines in subnet4-1, while ensuring minimal administrative effort, you can use an Azure NAT Gateway. This service provides scalable and resilient outbound connectivity for virtual networks, dynamically allocating SNAT ports to avoid exhaustion.

Navigate to the Azure Portal.

Search for “NAT gateways” and select it.

Click on “Create”.

Enter the following details:

Subscription: Select your subscription.

Resource Group: Select an existing resource group or create a new one.

Name: Enter a name for the NAT gateway (e.g., NATGateway-Subnet4-1).

Region: Select the region where your virtual network is located.

Click on “Next: Outbound IP”.

Choose whether to use existing public IP addresses or create new ones.

If creating new ones, click on “Add new” and configure the new public IP addresses.

Click on “Next: Subnet”.

Click on “Associate subnet”.

Select the virtual network that contains subnet4-1.

Select subnet4-1 from the list of subnets.

Click on “OK”.

Review your settings to ensure everything is correct.

Click on “Review + create” and then “Create”.

Azure NAT Gateway: This service provides outbound connectivity for virtual networks, dynamically allocating SNAT ports across all VM instances within a subnet. This dynamic allocation helps prevent SNAT port exhaustion, especially in scenarios with high outbound connection volumes12.

Dynamic SNAT Port Allocation: Unlike static allocation methods, NAT Gateway dynamically allocates SNAT ports based on demand, ensuring efficient use of available ports and reducing the risk of exhaustion2.

Step-by-Step SolutionStep 1: Create a NAT GatewayStep 2: Configure Outbound IP AddressesStep 3: Associate the NAT Gateway with Subnet4-1Step 4: Review and CreateExplanationBy following these steps, you can ensure that your 100 virtual machines in subnet4-1 can make the necessary API calls without running into SNAT port exhaustion, all while minimizing administrative effort.