CTAL-TM Exam Dumps - ISTQB Test Manager Advanced Questions and Answers

B (Type from taxonomy): Helps identify defect patterns (e.g., design vs. coding errors) for process targeting.

E (Lifecycle activity): Knowing when a defect was introduced enables root cause analysis and preventive actions.

“Defect classification and root cause analysis provide input to process improvement by identifying where and why defects are introduced.”

—ISTQB CTFL Syllabus 2018, Section 5.6

These two attributes are directly aligned with structured test process improvement efforts.

According to the ISTQB Advanced Test Manager syllabus,test monitoringinvolvestracking test progressandcomparing actual results with planned progress. It helps to identify deviations and allows the Test Manager to take corrective actions.

"Test monitoring involves the ongoing comparison of actual progress against the plan using metrics defined in the test plan"

(Source: ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus 2012, Section 1.3.1)

Hence,Option Dreflects a test monitoring activity precisely.

Retrospectives aim toidentify root causesand continuous improvement actions. The most effective approach is toexamine why estimates were inaccurate, not just which ones were off. Blame (as in option C) is discouraged in Agile values.

ISTQB Agile testing principles highlight the role ofretrospectives in enabling self-improvement and lessons learned, emphasizingroot cause analysis.

Running apilot projectis an established good practice in test tool selection. It helps verify assumptions and evaluate tool fit for purpose in a realistic setting.

“After completing the tool selection and a successful proof-of-concept, introducing the selected tool into an organization generally starts with a pilot project…”

– ISTQB-CTFL_Syllabus_2018_V3.1, section 6.2.2

The other options refer to related but different phases or are not sufficient alone for tool evaluation.

 A model-based testing strategy is a testing strategy that uses models to represent the desired behavior and structure of the system under test, and to derive test cases, test data, test procedures, and test oracles1. A model-based testing strategy requires an activity to select an appropriate quality standard, such as ISO 9126, to be used to guide the testing. A quality standard is a set of criteria, guidelines, or characteristics that define the quality attributes of a software product, such as functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability, and portability2. A quality standard can help to define the quality requirements, objectives, and measures for the system under test, and to evaluate the quality of the test results and the test process3. Therefore, option C is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect because conducting a quality risk analysis with all affected stakeholders is not an activity specific to a model-based testing strategy, but rather a general testing activity that can be applied to any testing strategy. A quality risk analysis is a process of identifying and assessing the quality risks that may affect the system under test, and prioritizing them based on their impact and likelihood4. Option B is incorrect because conducting operational profiling to determine the expected usage of the system is not an activity specific to a model-based testing strategy, but rather an activity related to a usage-based testing strategy. An operational profile is a statistical representation of the relative frequencies of the inputs, operations, and operating conditions of a system in its operational environment. Option D is incorrect because creating the test charters for the exploratory testing sessions is not an activity specific to a model-based testing strategy, but rather an activity related to an exploratory testing strategy. A test charter is a document that defines the scope, objective, and approach of an exploratory testing session. References: 1: ISTQB Glossary, Model-Based Testing 2: ISTQB Glossary, Quality Standard 3: ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, Section 1.3.1 4: ISTQB Glossary, Quality Risk Analysis : ISTQB Glossary, Operational Profile : ISTQB Glossary, Test Charter : Model-Based Tester - ISTQB not-for-profit association : ISTQB Model-Based Testing Certification - ISTQB Exams Worldwide - ISTQB … : ISTQB - ABOUT MODEL-BASED TESTER EXT. : ISTQB® Certified Tester – Model-Based Tester (CT-MBT)

If reviewers do not have an adequate level of technical knowledge, they may not be able to identify and describe anomalies in the product or project under review1. They may also not be able to provide constructive feedback or suggestions for improvement2. This can result in a less efficient review, as the review objectives may not be met, the review process may take longer, or the review outcome may be of lower quality3. Therefore, option C is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect because having sufficient business knowledge is not enough to perform a technical review, as business knowledge does not cover the technical aspects of the product or project4. Option B is incorrect because having sufficient process knowledge is not enough to perform a technical review, as process knowledge does not cover the technical aspects of the product or project4. Option D is incorrect because skipping any technical aspect can compromise the quality and completeness of the review, and may lead to defects or risks in the product or project5. References: 1: ISTQBGlossary, Reviewer 2: ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, Section 2.2.2 3: ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, Section 2.2.3 4: ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, Section 2.3.1 5: ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, Section 2.3.2

A model-based improvement approach is characterized by the use of structured models such as GQM or TMMi® to guide improvement through levels and steps. The GQM model (Goal-Question-Metric) is a known example of a model-based approach. Such models typically break improvements into levels or steps, promoting maturity through defined phases.

→ TMMi® definesfivematurity levels, not four, making statement E incorrect.

→ Statement C is incorrect since model-based improvement can be applied both at project and organizational levels.

→ Statement B istruefor TPI NEXT®, not false, but it isnot selecteddue to the expected best fit being A and D, aligning with the general model characteristics used in test management.

In Agile (including SCRUM), test monitoring is typically continuous, and tools like burndown charts, task boards, and dashboards are used for real-time reporting. According to the syllabus: “In Agile development, test progress reporting may be incorporated into task boards, defect summaries and burndown charts... during a daily stand-up meeting” .

This can demotivate a tester because it implies that the tester’s work is not valued or respected by the management or the stakeholders. It also suggests that the tester’s efforts and skills are wasted or ineffective, as the product quality is compromised and the customer satisfaction is reduced. Testing is cut short when there is insufficient time, budget, or resources allocated for testing, or when there is pressure to release the product without adequate testing. This can lead to frustration, dissatisfaction, and loss of confidence among the testers. Top 6 things that demotivate a developerHow to Demotivate Your Best Employees References:

Top 6 things that demotivate a developer - Amsterdam Standard

How to Demotivate Your Best Employees - HBS Working Knowledge