H19-402_V1.0 Exam Dumps - Huawei HCSP Presales Questions and Answers

In Huawei CloudFabric and cloud platform architectures (such as those integrated with ManageOne and OpenStack ), the concept of a tenant is used to logically isolate resources such as network, compute, and storage . It is correct that one department can be treated as a tenant , and an enterprise can have multiple tenants representing different departments or business units.

However, the statement is false because it incorrectly claims that the entire enterprise data center can be managed by one tenant administrator . In Huawei’s design:

Each tenant has its own administrator , responsible only for that tenant’s resources.

A higher-level role, such as a cloud administrator or system administrator , manages the entire data center infrastructure across all tenants.

This separation ensures:

Multi-tenancy isolation

Security and access control

Clear responsibility boundaries

Huawei emphasizes role-based access control (RBAC) , where tenant admins cannot manage resources belonging to other tenants or the entire infrastructure.

Therefore, the correct answer is FALSE .

In Huawei data center networking, especially within Intelligent Lossless Data Center Network design, incast traffic is a well-known challenge in distributed systems such as AI computing clusters and distributed storage architectures .

In an incast scenario , a large number of servers simultaneously send traffic to a single destination (e.g., parameter server in AI training or storage node in distributed storage). This sudden aggregation of traffic can quickly overflow switch buffers , leading to packet loss, increased latency, and throughput degradation .

Huawei identifies incast as a primary cause of network congestion in modern data centers. To mitigate this, CloudFabric solutions implement advanced congestion control technologies such as:

PFC (Priority Flow Control) to prevent packet loss

ECN (Explicit Congestion Notification) for early congestion signaling

AI-driven traffic scheduling and load balancing

These mechanisms help build a lossless Ethernet fabric , which is essential for RDMA-based AI workloads and high-performance storage systems.

Therefore, the statement is TRUE , as incast traffic is indeed prone to causing congestion in such environments.

The key difference between M-LAG and stacking in Huawei data center design lies in their control plane architecture and fault domains .

Option A is false because M-LAG does NOT have a centralized control plane . Instead, each device in an M-LAG pair maintains its own independent control plane , while synchronizing state information (such as MAC and ARP tables) over the peer-link. This distributed control design improves reliability and avoids a single point of failure.

Option B is correct : M-LAG involves two independent switches , both of which must be managed (though automation tools like iMaster NCE-Fabric simplify this).

Option C is correct : M-LAG provides fault domain isolation . A failure on one device does not impact the control plane of the other, enhancing network resilience.

Option D is correct : In contrast, stacking uses a single control plane , so upgrades can be more complex and potentially disruptive, affecting the entire stack.

Huawei best practices favor M-LAG over stacking in modern data centers due to its distributed control, higher reliability, and better fault isolation .

Therefore, the correct answer is A .

In Huawei CloudFabric’s cloud-network integration scenario , the SDN controller iMaster NCE-Fabric must interconnect with multiple key components to enable end-to-end automation and orchestration .

Cloud platform (A): Platforms such as OpenStack or ManageOne integrate with iMaster NCE-Fabric via northbound APIs. This allows automatic network provisioning when tenants create networks, VMs, or services.

VMM (C - Virtual Machine Manager): Integration with virtualization platforms (e.g., VMware vCenter, FusionSphere) enables dynamic VM-aware networking, including automatic port and policy configuration.

Physical switch (D): These are the core devices controlled by iMaster NCE-Fabric. The controller pushes configurations (VXLAN, EVPN, routing) to build the underlay and overlay fabric.

Firewall (B) is typically integrated as a service device (VAS) but is not directly required to interconnect with the controller in all scenarios. It is usually inserted via service chaining rather than direct control-plane integration.

Huawei emphasizes controller-based automation , where iMaster NCE-Fabric coordinates between cloud platforms, virtualization systems, and physical network devices.

Therefore, the correct answers are A, C, and D .

In Huawei CloudFabric and virtualization-based network models (such as OpenStack Neutron or SDN-based fabrics), the relationship between logical switches (VXLAN networks/BDs) and subnets is not strictly one-to-one .

A logical switch (VXLAN network / BD) can be associated with multiple subnets , allowing different IP segments to coexist within the same Layer 2 broadcast domain. This is commonly used in scenarios such as:

Multi-tenant environments

Gradual IP migration

Hybrid IPv4/IPv6 deployments

Similarly, while a subnet is typically mapped to a specific logical network, the architecture does not strictly enforce a rigid one-to-one constraint in all implementations. Huawei designs emphasize flexibility and scalability , allowing logical network abstractions to support diverse service requirements.

In practical CloudFabric deployments:

A BD/VNI (logical switch) = Layer 2 domain

Multiple subnets (Layer 3) can be configured over it using VBDIF interfaces

Therefore, the statement is FALSE , as the relationship is not strictly limited to one-to-one mapping.

Huawei defines VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) as an overlay virtualization technology that functions similarly to a Layer 2 VPN , enabling the extension of Layer 2 networks across Layer 3 infrastructures. VXLAN encapsulates Ethernet frames within UDP packets, allowing tenants to build isolated virtual networks over any IP underlay with reachable routing.

The statement is correct because VXLAN enables Layer 2 adjacency across geographically distributed data centers , which is a key requirement in cloud and virtualization environments. It supports large-scale multi-tenant isolation using VNIs (VXLAN Network Identifiers) , significantly exceeding VLAN limitations.

Additionally, VXLAN gateways (either centralized or distributed) play a crucial role. They provide communication:

Within VXLAN networks (intra-subnet and inter-subnet via distributed gateways)

Between VXLAN and traditional networks (e.g., bare-metal servers or legacy VLAN-based systems)

Huawei CloudFabric solutions heavily rely on VXLAN with BGP EVPN control plane to achieve scalable, automated, and efficient data center networking.

Therefore, the statement is TRUE .

In Huawei VXLAN architecture, different gateway types serve distinct roles in tenant communication. The Layer 2 VXLAN gateway is specifically responsible for providing tenant access to the VXLAN network and enabling intra-subnet communication .

A Layer 2 VXLAN gateway (D) connects traditional Layer 2 networks (such as VLAN-based access networks) to the VXLAN overlay. It allows tenant devices or servers to access the VXLAN fabric while maintaining Layer 2 forwarding within the same subnet (same BD/VNI). This means hosts in the same subnet can communicate directly without requiring Layer 3 routing.

In contrast, Layer 3 VXLAN gateways (B) and centralized VXLAN gateways (C) are used for inter-subnet communication , enabling routing between different VXLAN segments. The default VXLAN gateway (A) typically refers to the default gateway IP configured for hosts, which is implemented via Layer 3 gateway functionality.

Huawei CloudFabric design clearly separates Layer 2 access (tenant onboarding and intra-subnet forwarding) from Layer 3 gateway functions (inter-subnet routing) .

Therefore, the correct answer is D (Layer 2 VXLAN gateway) .

Huawei CloudFabric is designed with an open and extensible ecosystem , enabling seamless integration with multiple platforms and services across modern data center environments. This openness is a key principle in Huawei’s architecture, ensuring interoperability and flexibility for diverse workloads.

Third-party VAS interconnection (A) is supported to allow integration with value-added services such as firewalls, load balancers, and security appliances, enabling service chaining and enhanced network functionality.

Container platform interconnection (B) is critical in cloud-native environments. CloudFabric integrates with platforms like Kubernetes, allowing automated network provisioning for containerized applications through APIs and SDN control.

Cloud platform interconnection (C) includes integration with cloud management platforms such as OpenStack and Huawei ManageOne, enabling unified orchestration of compute, storage, and network resources.

Virtualization platform interconnection (D) supports platforms like VMware and FusionSphere, allowing dynamic VM-based networking and automated service deployment.

Huawei documentation emphasizes that CloudFabric supports all these interconnection scenarios to deliver full-stack, multi-platform integration , making all options correct.

Huawei iMaster NCE-Fabric ZTP (Zero Touch Provisioning) is designed to enable automated, fast, and error-free deployment of data center network devices, significantly reducing manual configuration efforts.

All listed options are valid characteristics:

Plug-and-play (A): Devices can automatically obtain configurations once powered on and connected to the network, requiring minimal manual intervention.

Visualized device onboarding (B): The controller provides a graphical interface to monitor onboarding progress, topology, and device status, improving deployment visibility.

Link verification (C): ZTP includes automatic cabling and link detection/verification , ensuring correct physical connections before service provisioning.

Batch device onboarding (D): Multiple devices can be onboarded simultaneously, enabling large-scale data center deployment with high efficiency.

Huawei emphasizes ZTP as a key capability in CloudFabric for:

Rapid service rollout

Reduced human error

Standardized deployment

Simplified O & M

This aligns with Huawei’s goal of achieving fully automated and intelligent data center network provisioning .

Therefore, the correct answers are A, B, C, and D .

In Huawei CloudFabric architecture, the underlay network is the physical IP fabric, while the overlay network is a logical network built on top of it using technologies like VXLAN and BGP EVPN .

Option A is false because the overlay network does not require bare optical fibers . It operates independently of the physical medium and can run over any IP-based underlay (Ethernet, optical, etc.). The overlay abstracts the physical infrastructure.

Option B is correct : the underlay network is transparent to endpoints (servers, firewalls, routers). These devices only interact with the overlay and are unaware of the underlying transport.

Option C is correct : the overlay has its own forwarding plane (VXLAN encapsulation) and control plane (BGP EVPN) , enabling scalable and automated network virtualization.

Option D is correct : the overlay is a logical network built over the underlay , providing tenant isolation and flexible service deployment.

Huawei best practices emphasize decoupling overlay from underlay , ensuring flexibility, scalability, and simplified operations.

Therefore, the correct answer is A .