H35-581_V2.0 Exam Dumps - Huawei HCIP-5G-RAN Questions and Answers

Interference margin is the expected answer because it represents an allowance for interference-related degradation rather than a direct propagation-loss component determined by the operating frequency band.

In 5G radio-network planning, the link budget estimates the maximum allowable propagation loss while maintaining the required received signal level and service performance.

The calculation considers parameters such as transmitter power, antenna gains, receiver sensitivity, feeder losses, penetration losses, fading margins, and interference assumptions.

Rain and snow fading is frequency dependent because precipitation-related electromagnetic attenuation varies with carrier frequency, particularly in higher-frequency operating bands.

Penetration loss also depends strongly on frequency and the characteristics of the materials through which the radio signal travels.

Concrete, glass, and other building materials can introduce substantially different attenuation at different operating frequencies.

Shadow fading margin accounts for slow variations in received signal power caused by environmental obstructions. Its statistical characteristics depend on the propagation scenario and can vary between frequency bands.

Interference margin , however, primarily accounts for degradation caused by neighboring transmissions, network loading, frequency reuse, antenna configurations, and resource-management behavior.

Although the actual interference environment can differ between frequency bands, interference margin is not an inherent frequency-dependent attenuation term.

Therefore, option D is the intended answer.

Official Reference: Huawei, 5G Wireless Network Planning Solution White Paper , Section 2.2.1, High-Precision 5G Propagation Model ; 3GPP TR 38.901, Study on Channel Model for Frequencies from 0.5 to 100 GHz .

Technical warning / qualification: Interference margin can indirectly depend on the operating band through deployment density, propagation, and spectrum conditions. The distinction concerns intrinsic propagation attenuation versus network-interference assumptions.

The statement is true because Time Division Duplex (TDD) slot configuration determines the distribution and timing of uplink and downlink transmission opportunities, affecting service capacity, radio performance, and scheduling-related latency.

In 5G NR TDD, a carrier uses different time-domain resources for downlink and uplink communication.

The configured pattern defines downlink slots, uplink slots, and special slots containing a combination of downlink, uplink, or flexible symbols.

A configuration allocating a greater proportion of resources to the downlink generally provides more downlink transmission capacity, assuming comparable radio conditions and scheduling efficiency.

However, reducing uplink opportunities may increase uplink waiting time and affect the timing of uplink control information, HARQ feedback, and associated application transactions.

TDD configuration also influences downlink service performance at cell boundaries.

Although slot configuration does not directly change propagation loss or the fundamental RF link budget, the available downlink time resources can affect the achievable service rate and service-coverage boundary.

Air-interface round-trip time is influenced by the interval between transmission and the corresponding feedback or return-transmission opportunity.

Therefore, TDD planning must balance service-rate requirements, uplink capacity, downlink capacity, synchronization constraints, and latency objectives.

Consequently, the statement correctly identifies TDD slot configuration as a significant planning consideration.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.213, Section 11.1, Slot Configuration ; TS 38.331, TDD-UL-DL-ConfigCommon and TDD-UL-DL-ConfigDedicated .

Option B is correct because LTE PCI planning commonly aims to assign different PCI modulo-3 values to adjacent cells where practical, reducing collisions involving the Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS).

LTE defines 504 physical cell identities, calculated using the primary and secondary synchronization identity components.

The primary synchronization identity has three possible values, corresponding to PCI modulo 3.

When adjacent LTE cells use the same PCI modulo-3 value, their PSS sequences are identical. This can complicate synchronization detection and potentially degrade cell-search performance under certain interference conditions.

Option A is incorrect because LTE Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS) frequency-domain positioning is associated with PCI modulo 6, rather than modulo 3.

Option C is incorrect because neither LTE nor NR universally mandates different PCI modulo-30 values for adjacent cells.

NR physical-layer planning involves additional considerations, including SSB identity configuration, reference-signal mapping, and beam-related interference.

Option D incorrectly describes the LTE PSS.

LTE uses a Zadoff–Chu-based PSS sequence containing 62 elements. By contrast, NR PSS uses a length-127 m-sequence.

Therefore, B is the correct statement, although PCI modulo-3 separation is a radio-planning recommendation rather than an absolute requirement for every pair of adjacent LTE cells.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 36.211, Sections 6.10.1 and 6.11.1, LTE Reference Signals and PSS ; TS 38.211, Section 7.4.2, NR Synchronization Signals .

The expected maximum coverage altitude is 1,000 meters, according to Huawei's proposed air-to-ground cellular communication architecture for connected-drone applications.

Huawei's Low-Altitude Connected Drone Flight Safety Test Report , published in cooperation with the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC), differentiates the planned aerial coverage capabilities of 4G and 5G systems.

The report describes an integrated air-to-ground communication framework supporting 4G aerial coverage below 300 meters and 5G aerial coverage below 1,000 meters.

This capability is associated with extending cellular-network coverage into the low-altitude airspace used by connected UAVs.

Aerial radio-network planning differs substantially from conventional terrestrial coverage planning. UAVs frequently experience line-of-sight propagation toward multiple base stations, increasing the probability of inter-cell interference.

Traditional antenna downtilt configurations are primarily optimized for ground-level terminals. As UAV altitude increases, serving-cell coverage may depend on antenna sidelobes, and radio-link quality can fluctuate despite relatively strong received signal power.

Technologies such as Massive MIMO, three-dimensional beamforming, antenna optimization, and interference coordination help address these challenges.

The specified 1,000-meter altitude represents the coverage target described in the cited architecture rather than a guaranteed operating height for every commercial deployment.

Official Reference: Huawei/CAAC, Low-Altitude Connected Drone Flight Safety Test Report , Section II, Concepts of Drone Flight Safety , Figure 6.

Options A, B, and C are the intended answers because the 5G NR Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmit-power calculation depends on subcarrier spacing, allocated radio resources, and format-dependent control-information characteristics.

PUCCH carries Uplink Control Information (UCI), including HARQ acknowledgments, Scheduling Requests (SR), and Channel State Information (CSI).

PUCCH power control combines open-loop parameters with dynamically accumulated closed-loop Transmit Power Control (TPC) adjustments.

The open-loop component establishes a transmission-power baseline using configured power offsets, downlink path-loss estimation, and the transmission-resource configuration.

Option A — PUCCH SCS: Subcarrier spacing contributes to the bandwidth-dependent term of the PUCCH transmit-power formula.

Option B — UCI format: The intended concept concerns PUCCH format and UCI payload-dependent adjustments. Different PUCCH formats have different symbol structures, payload capacities, and associated power-adjustment requirements.

Option C — Number of RBs: The allocated PUCCH Resource Blocks affect transmission bandwidth and the corresponding power calculation.

Option D — PUCCH MCS: Unlike PUSCH, PUCCH power control does not use a conventional PUCCH MCS index as an independent open-loop power-control parameter.

Consequently, options A, B, and C correctly identify the relevant factors in the intended examination context.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.213, Section 7.2.1, PUCCH Transmit Power ; TS 38.331, PUCCH-PowerControl Configuration .

Technical warning / qualification: The original option B states UCI format . The standards use the more precise concepts of PUCCH format and UCI payload-dependent adjustments. For technical accuracy, this option should be revised before publication. The original wording has been preserved above.

Adjusting neighbor relationships is the intended incorrect coverage-optimization method because neighbor configuration primarily controls mobility procedures rather than the physical radio-signal conditions that determine coverage.

Weak coverage occurs when the received signal level or effective link budget is insufficient to maintain the required radio connection and service quality.

Coverage optimization generally focuses on antenna configuration, transmit power, receiver sensitivity, propagation conditions, and interference management.

A Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA), where supported by the equipment architecture, can improve uplink receiver performance by reducing the effective receive-system noise figure and compensating for feeder-related losses.

Antenna optimization can improve the geographical distribution of radio energy by adjusting azimuth, electrical or mechanical downtilt, antenna height, and antenna gain.

Increasing gNodeB downlink transmit power may improve received reference-signal strength, provided regulatory limits, interference considerations, and equipment constraints are respected.

Neighbor relationships serve a different function.

They identify neighboring cells that may participate in measurements, handovers, and other mobility procedures.

Changing a neighbor relationship does not directly improve propagation loss, received signal strength, or the physical coverage footprint.

Although neighbor optimization can resolve mobility failures that appear to users as coverage problems, it cannot independently correct an RF link-budget deficiency.

Therefore, option A is correct.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.300, Overall Description of NR and NG-RAN , mobility-management principles; TS 38.133, Requirements for Support of Radio Resource Management . The specific RF-optimization distinction follows radio-planning principles rather than a vendor-mandated procedure.

The Medium Access Control (MAC) layer is responsible for multiplexing multiple RLC PDUs into a MAC PDU for transmission over the physical transport channel.

In the 5G NR protocol architecture, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processes data received from upper protocol layers and constructs RLC PDUs.

RLC supports segmentation and reassembly of RLC Service Data Units (SDUs), depending on the configured RLC operating mode.

However, the NR RLC layer does not perform concatenation of multiple independent RLC SDUs into one RLC PDU in the manner associated with earlier LTE RLC processing.

Instead, each RLC SDU is used to construct an RLC PDU, or is segmented into multiple RLC PDUs when necessary.

These RLC PDUs are subsequently delivered to the MAC layer.

From the MAC perspective, an RLC PDU is received as a MAC SDU. The MAC multiplexing procedure can combine MAC SDUs belonging to one or several logical channels into a single MAC PDU.

The MAC PDU is then transferred to the physical layer through the corresponding transport channel.

PDCP performs functions such as sequence numbering, ciphering, and header compression where applicable.

PHY performs physical-channel processing, modulation, and transmission.

Therefore, option C correctly identifies the layer responsible for combining multiple RLC PDUs for transmission.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.321, Section 4.4, MAC Functions ; TS 38.322, Sections 4.2 and 5, RLC Sublayer and Data Transfer Procedures .

The intended answer is True because a gNodeB measurement counter may be associated with multiple measurement subsets or groupings within a performance-management implementation.

Performance measurement is essential for evaluating NR radio-network quality, identifying faults, monitoring resource utilization, and supporting optimization decisions.

A measurement counter represents an individual statistical quantity, such as the number of connection attempts, handover failures, successfully transferred data units, or occupied radio resources.

Measurement subsets provide logical groupings through which selected counters are organized and collected for particular operational purposes.

For example, a counter recording handover failures may contribute to a mobility-performance measurement subset and also be included in a broader service-quality measurement grouping.

This arrangement allows the same underlying statistical quantity to support different performance-analysis activities without requiring the network element to maintain entirely unrelated measurements for each report.

The counter's identity and measurement definition remain unchanged, even when it is referenced through several logical groupings.

However, the concepts of measurement counter, measurement subset, measurement job, and performance report must be distinguished. Their exact relationships depend on the performance-management data model and vendor implementation.

The updated question bank explicitly identifies this statement as true.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 28.552, 5G Performance Measurements ; TS 28.550, Performance Management — Concepts and Requirements .

Technical warning / qualification: These standards establish 5G performance-measurement concepts, but the precise Huawei rule allowing one counter to belong to multiple measurement subsets has not been independently verified against the Huawei counter-configuration documentation.