Authentic WGU Certification Exam Introduction-to-IT Questions Answers

Execution is the project management life cycle stage where project deliverables are developed and the planned work is carried out. In Information Technology projects, this is the phase in which teams build, configure, code, test, and implement the products, services, or systems defined in the project plan. Resources are assigned to tasks, progress is tracked, and project managers coordinate people, time, and tools to ensure work aligns with requirements and scope. Planning defines how the work will be done, including schedules, budgets, milestones, and risk responses, but it does not produce the final deliverables. Initiation establishes goals, scope boundaries, and approval to begin. Closure occurs after deliverables are completed and accepted and includes documentation, sign-off, handover, and lessons learned. Because the question asks which stage involves developing deliverables, it refers to the phase where actual production happens. Therefore, the correct answer is execution.

The layer responsible for altering a database after receiving a request is the database management layer. In standard database architecture, the database management system acts as the software layer that processes requests, enforces rules, and performs operations such as insert, update, and delete. When an application or user submits a query or transaction, the database management layer interprets the request, checks permissions and constraints, manages concurrency so multiple users can work safely, and then applies changes to the stored data. It also helps ensure reliability through transaction controls such as commit and rollback, which protect data integrity when failures occur. The application layer is where the user interface and business logic typically run, but it does not directly manage the physical storage and controlled updates of the database. The flat-file layer is not a standard layer in modern database applications, and object-oriented layer refers to a programming design style rather than the core DBMS component. Therefore, the correct layer is the database management layer.

Risk planning in project management includes identifying risks and then analyzing and prioritizing them so the team can focus on the most serious threats. A standard step taught in Information Technology project management is prioritizing risks by severity and likelihood. Severity reflects the impact on scope, cost, schedule, security, or quality if the risk occurs, while likelihood reflects the probability of occurrence. Combining these factors helps create a risk matrix and guides decisions about mitigation strategies, contingency plans, and resource allocation. Comparing project progress to milestones is part of monitoring and controlling during execution, not risk planning. Listing each possible cause of failure is related to risk identification, but on its own it does not complete the analysis step that determines which risks matter most. Establishing clear and attainable goals is part of initiation and planning, but it is not specifically a risk analysis technique. Because the question asks for a step for considering risk during planning, prioritizing by severity and likelihood is the best match. Therefore, the correct answer is option A.