H12-841_V1.5 Exam Dumps - Huawei HCIP-Datacom Questions and Answers

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (200–250 words):

In a VXLAN-based virtualized campus network, user terminals located in different access locations communicate with each other overVXLAN tunnelsestablished between VXLAN Tunnel Endpoints (VTEPs). These VXLAN tunnels form the overlay network, which abstracts the physical underlay and enables flexible Layer 2 and Layer 3 connectivity across the campus.

When communication is confined within the virtualized campus network, traffic remains inside the VXLAN overlay and is encapsulated and forwarded between VTEPs. However, when users or services inside the VXLAN network need to accessexternal networks, such as traditional IP networks, the Internet, or data centers that do not support VXLAN, traffic must exit the VXLAN overlay. This function is performed byborder nodes.

Border nodes act as the boundary between the VXLAN overlay and non-VXLAN networks. They are responsible for VXLAN encapsulation and decapsulation, routing between VXLAN segments and external networks, and enforcing security and policy controls at the network edge. According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network architecture principles, all traffic entering or leaving the VXLAN-based campus must pass through border nodes to ensure proper routing, policy enforcement, and service control.

Therefore, the statement is TRUE, and option A is correct.

Comprehensive and Detailed 200 to 250 words of Explanation From HCIP Datacom Campus Network documents knowledge without any URL or Links:

IPsec defines two standard encapsulation modes that determine how IP packets are protected during transmission:Tunnel modeandTransport mode. Tunnel mode encapsulates the entire original IP packet within a new IP header and is typically used forsite-to-site VPNs. Transport mode encrypts only the payload of the IP packet and is commonly used forhost-to-host communication.

Switching mode and routing mode are not valid IPsec encapsulation modes and are unrelated to IPsec protocol behavior.

According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network documentation, onlyTunnel mode and Transport modeare supported in IPsec, makingoptions B and C correct.

Comprehensive and Detailed 200 to 250 words of Explanation From HCIP Datacom Campus Network documents knowledge without any URL or Links:

In anasymmetric IRB (Integrated Routing and Bridging)VXLAN forwarding model, Layer 2 forwarding and Layer 3 routing occur ondifferent VTEPs. When PC1 sends traffic to PC2, the packet is first forwarded to thelocal gateway (VBDIF interface)on VTEP1 for Layer 3 routing.

After routing is performed, VTEP1 encapsulates the packet into a VXLAN packet and forwards it to VTEP2. Importantly, theoriginal data frame inside the VXLAN packethas already been rewritten after routing. The destination MAC address in the original Ethernet frame is no longer the MAC address of PC2, but theMAC address of the next-hop gateway on the remote VTEP.

In the figure, this next-hop MAC address isMAC C, which belongs to the VBDIF interface on VTEP2. MAC D (PC2’s MAC address) is only used after the packet is decapsulated and forwarded locally by VTEP2.

According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network VXLAN forwarding behavior, the correct destination MAC address of the original data frame sent from VTEP1 to VTEP2 isMAC C, making optionCcorrect.

Comprehensive and Detailed 200 to 250 words of Explanation From HCIP Datacom Campus Network documents knowledge without any URL or Links:

In iMaster NCE-Campus–based virtualized campus networks, thesiteis a fundamental management object used to organize and manage network resources. A site typically represents aphysical location or logical network scope, such as a campus, building, or branch, under a tenant. Tenants manage devices, configurations, and servicesby site, which makes statementB correct.

iMaster NCE-Campus allows administrators tocreate sites individually, enabling flexible deployment and incremental network construction. Therefore,statement C is correct. In addition, a site is created and owned by atenant administratorto represent the tenant’s network scope, makingstatement D correct.

StatementA is false. iMaster NCE-Campusdoes support batch site creation, which is commonly used in large-scale or MSP scenarios where many tenant sites or branch sites need to be deployed efficiently. Batch creation significantly reduces manual workload and improves deployment efficiency.

According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network documentation, site management supports bothsingle-site creation and batch site creation, enabling scalable and centralized O&M. Therefore, the statement claiming that batch site creation is not supported is incorrect.

In a Huawei VXLAN BGP EVPN architecture,Route Targets (RTs)play a critical role in controlling route import and export between VPN instances on different VTEPs. When a BGP EVPN route is received by a VTEP, the device determines whether the route should be accepted or discarded based on RT matching rules.

According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network documentation, a received EVPN route is considered validas long as its RT matches either the EVPN Import Route Target (EVPN IRT) or the IP VPN Import Route Target (IP VPN IRT)configured on the local device. This design enables flexible route sharing between Layer 2 EVPN services and Layer 3 VPN services, supporting integrated routing and bridging (IRB) scenarios and inter-VNI communication.

If the RT carried in the EVPN route matches at least one of these import RTs, the route is imported into the corresponding VPN instance and can be used for traffic forwarding. Only when the RT doesnot match both the EVPN IRT and the IP VPN IRTwill the route be discarded. This mechanism ensures proper isolation between tenants while still allowing controlled route exchange where required.

Therefore, the statement accurately describes the EVPN route filtering logic used between VTEPs in Huawei VXLAN networks. The route is discardedonly when the RT differs from both configured import RTs, making the statementTRUE.

In HCIP Datacom Campus Network VXLAN architecture, VXLAN tunnels are classified based onhow the tunnel endpoints are created and maintained, which is referred to as the VXLAN tunnel creation mode. According to Huawei VXLAN design principles, there aretwo valid VXLAN tunnel types: static VXLAN tunnels and dynamic VXLAN tunnels.

Astatic VXLAN tunnelis manually configured by an administrator. In this mode, the source VTEP IP address, destination VTEP IP address, and related parameters are explicitly specified on devices. Static VXLAN tunnels are typically used in small-scale networks or test environments where the number of VTEPs is limited and network topology is simple. However, static configuration lacks scalability and flexibility, making it unsuitable for large campus fabrics.

Adynamic VXLAN tunnelis automatically created based on control-plane learning mechanisms, such asBGP EVPN. In this mode, VTEPs learn remote VTEP IP addresses dynamically through EVPN route advertisements (for example, Type 3 routes). When a remote VTEP becomes reachable at the underlay Layer 3 level, the VXLAN tunnel is automatically established without manual intervention. This mode is widely used in modern campus and data center networks due to its scalability and automation capabilities.

Options A and D are incorrect becausestatelessandstatefulare not official VXLAN tunnel creation classifications in Huawei’s VXLAN implementation. VXLAN itself is an encapsulation mechanism, and tunnel state is not categorized in this manner.

Therefore, the correct VXLAN tunnel types based on creation mode arestatic VXLAN tunnels and dynamic VXLAN tunnels.

The delivered configuration clearly indicates that aVPN instancenamedMKThas been created and bound to a VXLAN identifier. In Huawei virtualized campus networks that useVXLAN + BGP EVPN, aVN (Virtual Network)configured on iMaster NCE-Campus is typically instantiated on devices as anip vpn-instance. This VPN instance represents the logical tenant or virtual routing domain used for service isolation.

Several key lines confirm this mapping. The commandip vpn-instance MKTis the core object created for a VN. Theroute-distinguisher (RD)is configured to ensure route uniqueness for that VPN instance. The presence ofvpn-target import/export extcommunityandvpn-target … evpnshows that routes are controlled and exchanged using BGP extended communities, including EVPN-related RTs for VXLAN EVPN route import/export. This is exactly what iMaster NCE-Campus generates when a VN is created and needs to participate in EVPN route distribution.

Finally, vxlan vni 6 binds the VPN instance to a VNI, which is how VXLAN identifies and separates virtualized networks. Creating a fabric or external network would not directly generate an ip vpn-instance with RD/RTs and a VNI binding. Therefore, the administrator operation was to create a VN named MKT.

Comprehensive and Detailed 200 to 250 words of Explanation From HCIP Datacom Campus Network documents knowledge without any URL or Links:

To deploy802.1X authenticationon Huawei campus switches and use aRADIUS serverfor user authentication and authorization, several core configuration components are mandatory. All four options listed are required for a complete and functional deployment.

Anauthentication domainis mandatory because it defines where user authentication requests are processed and which AAA schemes are used. Without a domain, the switch cannot determine how to handle authentication requests, makingoption A mandatory.

Anauthentication profileis also required. This profile binds authentication methods (such as 802.1X), authentication domains, and access policies together. Interfaces reference the authentication profile to determine how users are authenticated, sooption B is mandatory.

An802.1X access profiledefines detailed 802.1X parameters, such as authentication mode, reauthentication behavior, and client handling. This profile is bound to interfaces to enable 802.1X authentication on specific ports, makingoption C mandatory.

Finally, anAAA schemeis essential because it defines the authentication, authorization, and accounting methods used by the device, including RADIUS server configuration. Without an AAA scheme, the device cannot communicate with the RADIUS server or obtain user authorization information. Therefore,option D is mandatory.

According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network documentation, all four configuration steps are required to successfully enable 802.1X authentication with RADIUS-based access control.

Huawei’s free mobility solution is designed to provide consistent user access control and policy enforcement across the campus network, regardless of user location. According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network documentation, the solution is built around severalclearly defined core roles, each with specific responsibilities.

Theauthentication deviceis a core role. It performs user authentication using methods such as 802.1X, MAC authentication, or portal authentication, and associates user identity information with IP addresses or security groups.

Thepolicy enforcement deviceis also a core role. It enforces security and access control policies based on IP-security group information, ensuring that traffic complies with defined policies wherever the user is connected.

iMaster NCE-Campusis another core component of the free mobility solution. It acts as the centralized management and control platform, responsible for policy definition, IP-security group management, and coordination of information distribution between authentication points and policy enforcement points.

Thepolicy control device, however, isnot a core roleexplicitly defined in Huawei’s free mobility architecture. Policy control functions are integrated into iMaster NCE-Campus rather than implemented as a separate standalone device role. Therefore, “policy control device” is not recognized as a core role in the free mobility solution.

As a result, option B is the correct answer, while the other options represent essential components of Huawei’s free mobility solution as defined in HCIP Datacom Campus Network materials.

In Huawei campus WLAN solutions, different WLAN architectures are designed to meet varying network scales, cost requirements, and management complexity. The architecture described in this question matches theLeader APsolution.

ALeader APcan operate independently without a dedicated wireless controller, while also having the capability to manage asmall number of subordinate APs. The Leader AP takes on lightweight control functions, such as basic configuration management and simple roaming coordination among the managed APs. This allows wireless users to roam between APs with minimal service interruption, meeting basic mobility requirements.

According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network documentation, the Leader AP architecture is characterized bylow deployment cost and simple maintenance. Since no separate AC is required and the number of APs is limited, network planning and configuration are straightforward. This significantly reduces the technical skill level required for daily operation and maintenance, making it suitable for small campuses, retail stores, branch offices, and small enterprises.

In contrast,Fat APsoperate completely independently and do not support centralized roaming management.AC + Fit AParchitectures are designed for medium to large networks and require higher investment and professional maintenance.Agile distributed APsolutions focus on centralized APs and RUs, which do not align with the independent AP management described.

Therefore, the WLAN architecture that best fits the given characteristics isLeader AP, making optionAthe correct answer.