H12-891_V1.0 Exam Dumps - Huawei HCIE-Datacom Questions and Answers

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

iMaster NCE-CampusInsightis Huawei'sintelligent network analysis platformthat:

✔Collectsreal-time telemetry datausingSNMP, NetStream, and Telemetry.

✔Analyzes traffic patternsto detect network anomalies.

✔UsesAI-driven analyticsto optimize network performance.

Thus, the statement isTRUE.

????Reference:Huawei HCIE Datacom – iMaster NCE-CampusInsight Features

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

Thefree mobility functionin iMaster NCE-Campus allows users to maintain consistent security policies regardless of their physical location within the campus network. To correctly implement this function, the administrator must:

A. Define security groups:Group users and devices based on roles or functions.

B. Deliver the inter-group policy:Apply policies that define how different security groups interact.

C. Deploy a policy control matrix:Establish a matrix that specifies theaccess control policiesbetween security groups.

D. Select the policy enforcement point:Choose devices or interfaces where policies are enforced, such as switches or routers.

All four steps are crucial for achieving dynamic policy enforcement in a virtualized and mobility-oriented campus network.

In YANG model syntax:

cpu-info can be a list node (✓)

cpu-infos can be a container node (✓)

The sampling path does follow the YANG model hierarchy (✓)

However, the prefix huawei-debug: indicates the YANG module name, not an actual data node. Therefore, debug is not necessarily the top node in the YANG hierarchy — it is a node under the huawei-debug namespace/module.

Exact Extract – Huawei Telemetry and YANG Modeling Guide:

“The format : is used in telemetry to indicate paths. The actual top-level node may differ from the module name.”

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

✔SR Policies are dynamically computed and delivered by the SDN controllerin an SR-MPLS or SRv6 network.

✔Correct Statements:

✅(A)NETCONFis used fordelivering configurationslikerouting policies and service interfaces.

✅(B)BGP-LS (Link-State)is used tocollect topologyandcompute SR Policies.

✅(D)BGP IPv6 SR Policydistributes SR policy attributes likecolor, headend, and endpoints.

✔Why Is (C) Incorrect?

❌(C) The controller does not use telemetry to deliver SID entries—telemetry is used forreal-time monitoring, not path computation.

????Reference:Huawei HCIE Datacom – SR Policy and Controller-Based Path Computation

X = 0

Y = 0

Z = 1

Understanding MPLS Label Headers

????What is MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching)?

MPLS is ahigh-performance forwarding technologythat replacesIP lookups with label switching.

Packets are forwardedbased on labels instead of destination IP addresses.

MPLS labels are stacked when passing throughmultiple hops.

????MPLS Label Stack Structure

Each MPLS label hasfour fields:

Label– 20-bit identifier used for forwarding.

EXP (Experimental Bits / Traffic Class)– 3-bit field used forQoS (Quality of Service).

S (Bottom of Stack)– 1-bit flag that indicates whether this is thelast (bottom) label in the stack.

TTL (Time-To-Live)– 8-bit field to prevent loops.

Understanding the EXP Fields (X, Y, Z) in the Figure

The image shows a packet with three MPLS labels.

Each label has anEXP field (X, Y, Z) representing the QoS bits.

By default,MPLS EXP bits are copied from the top label to lower labels unless modified by QoS policies.

If no QoS policy modifies the EXP bits, they remain thedefault value of 0.

Thebottom label in the stack (Label 3) often has an EXP value of 1 to indicate specific QoS policies.

Why Are the Answers X = 0, Y = 0, Z = 1?

✅X = 0 (Default EXP for Label 1, the top label in the stack).

✅Y = 0 (EXP for Label 2, unchanged from the default value).

✅Z = 1 (EXP for Label 3, indicating a QoS setting applied to the bottom label).

Real-World Application:

MPLS QoS (Quality of Service):EXP values determinepacket priorityinService Provider networks.

Traffic Engineering (TE):MPLS labels guide packets throughoptimized paths, ensuringlow-latency services.

Enterprise WAN Optimization:MPLS traffic is prioritized forcritical applications like VoIP, Video Conferencing, and Cloud Services.

✅Reference:Huawei HCIE-Datacom Guide – MPLS Label Stack and QoS EXP Field Processing

SSH (Secure Shell) is a protocol designed for secure remote access and is always built on TCP, typically on port 22. UDP is not supported for SSH, as it is connectionless and doesn't provide the required reliability and order.

Exact Extract – Huawei Security Protocol Fundamentals:

“SSH is a TCP-based protocol. It does not support UDP. TCP ensures session reliability and data integrity, which are critical for SSH.”

Comparison Between Paramiko (SSH) and Telnetlib (Telnet)

✅Paramiko (SSH) is more secure than Telnetlib (Telnet).

SSH (Secure Shell) encrypts login credentials and session datausing encryption protocols likeAES and RSA.

Telnet transmits data in plaintext, making it vulnerable to eavesdropping and man-in-the-middle attacks.

✅Why is Telnet Insecure?

No encryption→ Credentials (username/password) are sent in plaintext.

Easily interceptedby attackers using packet sniffers (e.g., Wireshark).

Correct Method for Secure Remote Login in Python:

UseParamiko for SSH-based secure automation.

Example of logging in withParamiko (SSH)in Python:

import paramiko

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

ssh.connect("192.168.1.1", username="admin", password="password")

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command("display version")

print(stdout.read().decode())

ssh.close()

Reference from Huawei HCIE-Datacom Documentation:

Huawei Security Best Practices – Avoiding Telnet and Using SSH for Secure Access

HCIE-Datacom Training Material – Network Automation with Python (Paramiko & Telnetlib)

Understanding BGP Link State (BGP-LS)

????What is BGP-LS?

BGP-LS (BGP Link-State)is anextension of BGPthat allows routers to exchangenetwork topology informationviaLink-State NLRI.

HelpsSDN controllers and path computation elements (PCEs)makeintelligent routing decisions.

????What Does BGP-LS Advertise?

✅Node Information– Router IDs, Loopbacks

✅Link Information– Bandwidth, Delay, Cost

✅Prefix Information– Network Subnets

✅Topology Information– Full network graph

Why is the Answer TRUE?

✅BGP-LS introduces a new NLRI formatfor advertising link-state information.

✅NLRI (Network Layer Reachability Information) is used to distribute topology datato SDN controllers.

✅It improves path optimization by enabling centralized traffic engineering decisions.

Real-World Application:

SDN-Based Traffic Engineering:Used inSegment Routing (SR)networks for centralizedpath selection.

MPLS TE (Traffic Engineering):Optimizes network paths dynamically based onreal-time link-state data.

✅Reference:Huawei HCIE-Datacom Guide – BGP Link-State (BGP-LS) Fundamentals

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Thedisplay current-configurationcommand is used toshow the active running configurationstored inRAM(memory).

Key Features:

✔Displays current settingsfor interfaces, routing, and security.

✔Reflects real-time changes(different from startup-config stored in NVRAM).

✔Useful for troubleshooting and verificationbefore saving configurations.

Thus, the statement isTRUE.

????Reference:Huawei HCIE Datacom – Command Reference Guide

Understanding NETCONF Operation Attributes

????What is NETCONF?

NETCONF (Network Configuration Protocol)is anIETF-standardized protocolfor network automation.

Uses XML-based configuration transactions with operations.

????Common NETCONF Operation Attributes:

✅A. create→ Adds new data but fails if it already exists.

✅B. delete→ Removes the specified data from the configuration datastore.

✅C. merge→ Updates existing data or creates it if it does not exist.

❌D. remove (Incorrect Choice)

NETCONF does not support remove as an operation.

delete is the correct operation for removing data.

Why is the Answer A, B, C?

✅NETCONF supports create, delete, and merge, but NOT remove.

Real-World Application:

SDN Controllers & Network Automation:Uses NETCONF to configure devices dynamically.

Huawei iMaster NCE-WAN:Automatesdevice onboarding and template-based configurations.

✅Reference:Huawei HCIE-Datacom Guide – NETCONF Protocol and Configuration Operations