H12-891_V1.0 Exam Dumps - Huawei HCIE-Datacom Questions and Answers

In OSPF-based SR-MPLS TE, Adjacency Segment Identifiers (Adj-SIDs) are locally assigned by each router for its directly connected interfaces. These labels are allocated from the Segment Routing Local Block (SRLB) configured on the router. By default, Huawei routers use an SRLB range starting at 9000, and Adj-SIDs are assigned sequentially (e.g., 9000, 9001, 9002, etc.) to each adjacency.

For P3, adjacency labels correspond to its outgoing interfaces. Assuming P3 has two adjacencies (e.g., to P2 and P4, as inferred from typical network topologies), it will allocate two unique Adj-SIDs from its SRLB. Based on Huawei’s implementation:

The first adjacency (e.g., to P2) is assigned the next available label in the SRLB (e.g., 9002).

The second adjacency (e.g., to P4) is assigned the subsequent label (e.g., 9003).

Analysis of Options:

Option B (9002): Likely assigned to P3’s first adjacency (e.g., link to P2).

Option C (9003): Likely assigned to P3’s second adjacency (e.g., link to P4).

Option A (9006) and D (9005): These labels are likely allocated by other routers (e.g., P4 or P5), as they fall outside the sequential range assigned by P3.

Key Points:

Adj-SIDs are local to the router and do not conflict with labels from other nodes.

The sequential allocation depends on the SRLB configuration. If the SRLB starts at 9000, labels 9000 and 9001 may be reserved for other purposes (e.g., node SIDs or reserved blocks), leaving 9002 and 9003 for adjacency labels.

Conclusion: P3 allocates 9002 and 9003 for its two adjacencies. Thus, B and C are correct.

Huawei iMaster NCE-Campus provides open APIs for seamless integration with third-party applications and services. Each API serves a specific purpose in managing network security, operations, analytics, and user interactions.

1. Authentication and authorization → Third-party authentication API

This API is used to integrate third-party authentication systems, such as:

LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)

RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service)

OAuth/OpenID authentication

It ensures secure user identity verification, access control, and single sign-on (SSO) in CloudCampus networks.

2. Network O & M → Infrastructure API

The Infrastructure API provides tools for network monitoring, diagnostics, and automated management.

It is used for:

Device status monitoring

Network topology visualization

Fault detection and real-time alerts

Performance optimization

3. LBS (Location-Based Services) → LBS API

The LBS API enables applications to access location data collected by the network.

It is used for:

Tracking users or assets within a campus network

Heatmap generation and movement analytics

Geo-fencing and location-based policies

4. Crowd profiling → VAS API

VAS (Value-Added Services) API is designed for advanced analytics and business intelligence.

It supports:

User behavior analytics

Demographic profiling

Marketing strategies based on network usage patterns

Reference from Huawei HCIE-Datacom Documentation:

HCIE-Datacom Training Guide – CloudCampus Solution

Huawei iMaster NCE-Campus API Documentation

Huawei CloudCampus Solution Whitepaper – Open API and Use Cases

Comparison Between Paramiko (SSH) and Telnetlib (Telnet)

✅ Paramiko (SSH) is more secure than Telnetlib (Telnet).

SSH (Secure Shell) encrypts login credentials and session data using encryption protocols like AES and RSA.

Telnet transmits data in plaintext, making it vulnerable to eavesdropping and man-in-the-middle attacks.

✅ Why is Telnet Insecure?

No encryption → Credentials (username/password) are sent in plaintext.

Easily intercepted by attackers using packet sniffers (e.g., Wireshark).

Correct Method for Secure Remote Login in Python:

Use Paramiko for SSH-based secure automation.

Example of logging in with Paramiko (SSH) in Python:

import paramiko

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

ssh.connect( " 192.168.1.1 " , username= " admin " , password= " password " )

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command( " display version " )

print(stdout.read().decode())

ssh.close()

Reference from Huawei HCIE-Datacom Documentation:

Huawei Security Best Practices – Avoiding Telnet and Using SSH for Secure Access

HCIE-Datacom Training Material – Network Automation with Python (Paramiko & Telnetlib)

SSH Public Key Authentication

In public key authentication mode, the SSH client must generate a key pair (public and private keys) before connecting to an SSH server.

✅ C. ssh-keygen -t dsa (Correct Answer)

DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm) key generation for SSH authentication.

Generates a private key (id_dsa) and a public key (id_dsa.pub).

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

NSR (Non-Stop Routing) and NSF (Non-Stop Forwarding) are high-availability mechanisms used to maintain network stability during routing process failures:

NSR (Non-Stop Routing):

Operates within the local router only.

Keeps routing information synchronized between the active and standby processes.

Does not require collaboration from neighboring routers.

NSF (Non-Stop Forwarding):

Requires collaboration from neighboring routers that support graceful restart.

The router undergoing failover relies on its neighbors to maintain forwarding tables while control plane recovery takes place.

Neighboring routers must support GR (Graceful Restart) for NSF to function correctly.

Therefore, the correct answer is B because NSF requires neighboring router collaboration, while NSR does not.

Huawei iMaster NCE-Campus Wi-Fi Location-Based Services (LBS) use HTTP/HTTPS to send location data (such as AP association, signal strength, timestamp, etc.) to an external LBS platform.

The standard format for such data exchange is JSON (JavaScript Object Notation).

JSON is lightweight, readable, and widely supported by modern web APIs and platforms.

Other options:

XML: Used in legacy systems, heavier format.

HTML: Used for page rendering, not data transfer.

YAML: Used mainly in configurations, not standard for HTTP APIs.

Correct answer: C. JSON

Challenges of Static VXLAN Tunnel Configuration

A static VXLAN tunnel requires manual VTEP-to-VTEP configuration, making it complex to maintain.

✅ A. Heavy configuration workload in a distributed gateway scenario

Static VXLAN requires manual configuration of VTEP mappings, making it difficult to scale and adjust when adding new VTEPs.

✅ B. Remote MAC addresses are learned through data flooding

Unlike BGP EVPN-based VXLAN, which advertises MAC/IP bindings through BGP, static VXLAN relies on flooding for MAC learning, causing excessive traffic.

✅ D. N(N-1)/2 tunnels are required for full mesh connectivity

If N devices need to communicate, each must be manually configured with N(N-1)/2 VXLAN tunnels, leading to high administrative overhead.

Incorrect Statement Explanation:

❌ C. Static VXLAN tunnels use protocols on the control plane, consuming device resources.

Wrong! Static VXLAN does not use a control plane protocol like BGP EVPN.

Instead, it relies entirely on static mappings, reducing control plane usage.

Reference from Huawei HCIE-Datacom Documentation:

Huawei VXLAN Configuration Guide – Static vs. Dynamic VXLAN Tunnel Establishment

HCIE-Datacom Training Material – Manual Configuration Challenges in Static VXLAN

In MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching), Label Switching Routers (LSRs) handle packets based on FECs (Forwarding Equivalence Classes) and their positions in the label-switched path:

Ingress LSR: The entry point for labeled packets; it classifies packets into FECs and assigns the initial label.

Transit LSR: Intermediate routers that swap labels and forward packets along the LSP.

Egress LSR: The last router in the LSP that removes the label and forwards the packet normally.

An LSR cannot be both an ingress and a transit router for the same FEC, because an ingress LSR is defined as the starting point for that specific FEC ' s LSP. If it’s the ingress, it means the labeled path starts there, so it can ' t be in the middle (transit) of that same path.

Therefore, the statement is FALSE.

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

In the inter-AS MPLS VPN Option B solution:

Option B establishes a multi-hop eBGP connection between the ASBRs (ASBR-PE1 and ASBR-PE2) to exchange VPNv4 routes.

In this setup, the ASBRs exchange labeled VPNv4 routes via MP-BGP (Multiprotocol BGP).

The command:

[ASBR-PE1-bgp-af-vpnv4] undo peer 10.0.34.4 enable

is used to disable VPNv4 route exchange between the ASBR-PE1 and ASBR-PE2.

If this command is executed, ASBR-PE1 will not transmit VPNv4 routes to ASBR-PE2, breaking the inter-AS VPN connectivity.

Therefore, the statement is FALSE because ASBR-PE1 and ASBR-PE2 must exchange VPNv4 routes to maintain connectivity between the VPN sites across different ASes.

Understanding Network Security for Authorized User Access

???? Problem Scenario:

Only authorized users should be allowed network access.

Users can obtain IP addresses either via DHCP or a predefined static IP list.

Unauthorized users (e.g., attackers using rogue DHCP servers or spoofed IPs) must be blocked.

???? Required Technologies for Securing Access:

1️⃣ DHCP Snooping – Protects against rogue DHCP servers and builds a binding table of legitimate DHCP clients.

2️⃣ IP Source Guard (IPSG) – Ensures that only authorized IP-MAC bindings can send traffic.

Analysis of the Answer Choices:

❌ A. DAI + Port Security (Incorrect)

DAI (Dynamic ARP Inspection) prevents ARP spoofing but does not validate IP-MAC-DHCP bindings.

Port Security only limits MAC addresses per port but does not verify IP addresses.

Does NOT protect against unauthorized static IP users.

✅ B. DHCP Snooping + IPSG (Correct)

DHCP Snooping:

Prevents rogue DHCP servers from assigning unauthorized IPs.

Builds a DHCP binding table (IP-MAC-Port).

IP Source Guard (IPSG):

Blocks traffic from IPs not listed in the DHCP snooping binding table.

Can be configured to allow manually specified static IP addresses.

Best choice to allow only authorized users (both DHCP and static IP users).

❌ C. DHCP Snooping + DAI (Incorrect)

DAI (Dynamic ARP Inspection) prevents ARP spoofing but does not block unauthorized static IP users.

Lacks IP-level access control needed to enforce static IP policies.

❌ D. DAI + IPSG (Incorrect)

IPSG (IP Source Guard) needs DHCP Snooping to build the binding table.

Without DHCP Snooping, IPSG cannot function properly.

DAI does not provide complete protection against unauthorized users.

Why is the Answer B (DHCP Snooping + IPSG)?

✅ Ensures only users assigned a DHCP IP (or authorized static IPs) can send traffic.

✅ Blocks rogue DHCP servers and unauthorized static IP users.

Real-World Application:

Enterprise Networks: Prevents unauthorized static IP users or attackers from accessing VLANs.

Public Wi-Fi Security: Ensures only authorized users receive IPs and can send traffic.

✅ Reference: Huawei HCIE-Datacom Guide – DHCP Snooping and IPSG Security Mechanisms