PDII Exam Dumps - Salesforce Developers Questions and Answers

The Visualforce View State is a hidden form field that maintains the state of the page (including controller variables) between server requests. 9Salesforce imposes a strict 135KB limit on the View State. When a page handles large amounts of 10data—such as large lists of records or complex objects—the serialized size of the controller variables can easily exceed this limit, resulting in a runtime error for the user.

To correct these errors, the developer should use the transient keyword (Option C). Marking a variable as transient prevents it from being serialized into the View State. This is the standard best practice for any data that does not need to be maintained across "postbacks" (actions that refresh the page or part of the page). Common candidates for the transient keyword include:

Large lists of records retrieved for display only.

Temporary variables used for calculations during a single request.

Summary data that can be easily re-queried if needed.

Option A relates to security, not performance. Option B (private variables) does not exclude variables from the View State; only static and transient variables are excluded. Option D relates to SOQL governor limits, which are independent of the View State size. By judiciously using transient, the developer keeps the page weight low and ensures a smooth user experience in production environments with real-world data volumes.

To optimize the performance of a Visualforce page that uses external assets, Static Resources (Option5 A) is the pl6atform-native best practice. Static resources allow you to upload content such as archives (.zip or .jar files), images, stylesheets, and JavaScript files that you can reference in a Visualforce page.

The primary benefits of using Static Resources over other methods (like hosting files externally or hardcoding styles) include:

Caching: Salesforce serves static resources from a Content Delivery Network (CDN). This means once a user's browser loads the JavaScript or CSS file, it is cached locally, significantly reducing page load times for subsequent requests.

Relative Referencing: Using the $Resource global variable (e.g., {!URLFOR($Resource.MyZipFile, 'styles/main.css')}) ensures that your page references the correct version of the file across different environments (Sandbox, Production) without changing hardcoded URLs.

Efficiency: By bundling related files into a single ZIP archive as a static resource, you reduce the number of HTTP requests the browser must make to render the page.

Options B and D are related to AJAX and JavaScript-to-Apex communication, and Option C is a component used for rendering data tables; none of these address the storage or caching of external front-end assets.

To retrieve record data in a Lightning Web Component using the Lightning Data Service (LDS), the developer must use the @wire decorator with the getRecord wire adapter.

Option D provides the correct syntax. The @wire decorator requires the adapter name (getRecord) and a configuration object. The configuration must include the recordId and either the fields or layoutTypes to be retrieved. By using the $ prefix (e.g., '$recordId'), the developer makes the property "reactive." This means that whenever the value of recordId or fields changes, the wire service automatically re-provisions the data from Salesforce.

Options A and C are incorrect because @api is used to expose public properties, not for wiring data. Option B is incorrect because getRecord requires a field list or layout type to know which data points to fetch from the server. Using the reactive $fields ensures that the component remains flexible and can load different field sets as defined by its parent component.

When a trigger unexpectedly executes twice (recursion), it is typically due to the Salesforce Order of Execution. A common cause is a workflow rule, process, or flow updating the same record that initiated the transaction, which re-triggers the original Apex trigger. To identify exactly where this second execution is being initiated, the most effective technique is to use system.debug() statements in conjunction with the Developer Console logs (Option D).

By placing debug statements at the start of the trigger (e.g., System.debug('Trigger Fired');), the developer can examine the execution log to see how many times that line appears. More importantly, the execution log provides a hierarchical "trace" of the entire transaction. The developer can look for entries like FLOW_CREATE_INTERVIEW or WF_RULE_EVAL_BEGIN between the two trigger execution blocks. This trace reveals exactly which automation (Flow, Workflow, or another Trigger) caused the record to be updated a second time.

Option A is inefficient and disruptive to production environments. Option B is too broad and doesn't provide the internal execution context. Option C checks for code validity but does not diagnose runtime logic issues in a live environment. Tracing the execution through logs is the standard programmatic way to debug recursion and side effects in Salesforce.

In Lightning Web Components (LWC), the component lifecycle is managed by standard Web Component lifecycle hooks. To run logic exactly once when the component is inserted into the Document Object Model (DOM), a developer should use the connectedCallback() method (Option B).

The connectedCallback() is the LWC equivalent of Aura's init event. It is the ideal place to:

Perform initial data fetching (via imperative Apex).

Initialize internal state or variables.

Subscribe to a Lightning Message Service (LMS) channel.

Establish communication with the parent component.

Option A and D are Aura-specific syntax and are not valid in LWC. Option C (renderedCallback()) runs every time the component finishes a render cycle. Because a component can re-render many times (whenever a reactive property changes), placing initialization logic in renderedCallback can lead to performance issues or infinite loops if not guarded carefully. Therefore, connectedCallback() is the standard, most efficient way to handle "on load" logic in LWC.

When you need to retrieve the total count of records in a large dataset (millions of records), a SOQL aggregate query using COUNT() (Option A) is the most efficient and performant method. Salesforce optimizes aggregate functions at the database 13level. Unlike a standard query that returns in14dividual records and counts against the "50,000 SOQL rows" limit, a COUNT() query returns a single integ15er result and counts as only one row to16ward the governor limits.17

This allows a developer to count millions of records in a single synchronous transactio18n without hitting row limits or causing significant CPU time issues. Option D (SOQL for loop) is the worst approach, as it would attempt to load every individual record into memory, hitting the 50,000-row limit almost immediately and likely causing a LimitException or Request Timeout.

Option B (Batch Apex) is unnecessary for a simple count and is much slower because it runs asynchronously. Option C (SUM) is used for adding up values in numeric fields, not for counting the number of records. For high-volume record counting, SELECT COUNT(Id) FROM Opportunity is the platform-standard approach to provide data to a Lightning component efficiently.

Co6mprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation:

To prevent race conditions in Salesforce, where two or more concurrent transactions attempt to update the same record simultaneously, a developer must implement record locking. In SOQL, this is achieved using the FOR UPDATE keyword.

When a query includes the FOR UPDATE clause, the platform places an exclusive lock on the returned records for the duration of the transaction. If another process attempts to update these records or lock them with its own FOR UPDATE query, it will be forced to wait until the first transaction completes (commits or rolls back). If the lock is not released within 10 seconds, the second process will receive a QueryException.

Option A is the correct syntax to ensure that the Credit_Memo__c records are "reserved" for the current logic, preventing other threads from interfering with the newAmount calculation or update. Option B (USING SCOPE) is used for filtering records based on predefined ownership scopes like "My Terrace." Options C and D (FOR REFERENCE and FOR VIEW) are used to update the "Last Referenced" or "Last Viewed" timestamps on records, respectively, and do not provide the row-level locking required to prevent data concurrency issues or race conditions.

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The Visualforc25e View State holds the state of the page (including controller variables) between server requests. It has a strict limit of 135KB. When a page handles large sets of data, like a grid of Opportunities, the view state can easily exceed this limit.

Transient Keyword (Option A): This is the most effective programmatic way to reduce view state. Marking a variable as transient prevents it from being serialized into the view state. This should be used for any data that is only needed for the current request and does not need to be maintained during a postback (e.g., large lists of records retrieved for a single display).

Filters and Pagination (Option D): By using a StandardSetController or custom offset logic, the developer can limit the number of records held in memory at any given time. Instead of loading 5,000 Opportunities, the page can load and store only 20 records per page.

Refine SOQL Queries (Option E): Developers often query "all" fields (e.g., SELECT * equivalent) or include large text areas that aren't displayed. By selecting only the specific fields required for the grid, the size of each object in the collection is reduced, directly lowering the view state.

Option B and C (private and final) affect variable visibility and immutability but do not prevent the variables from being serialized into the view state.

Comprehensive and 19Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation:20

This integration requiremen21t involves two specific needs: sending a custom JSON payload and handling a response that involves updating data in Salesforce. Outbound Messaging (Option C) is a declarative tool, but it is limited to XML/SOAP protocols and cannot send JSON. Therefore, a custom programmatic solution using Apex is required to construct and send the JSON payload to the external REST service.

Since the integration must be triggered by an event in Salesforce (likely the upload or update of a product record), an Apex trigger is the most direct starting point. However, as noted in previous questions, callouts cannot be performed directly within a trigger's execution context because they would block the database transaction. The developer must use asynchronous processing to handle the callout. An @future(callout=true) method is the standard way to achieve this. The trigger captures the necessary data, passes it to the future method, and the future method then performs the HTTP request to the external application.

Once the external application resizes the image, it can use the Salesforce REST API to send the resized file back to Salesforce. While Platform Events (Option D) are a modern alternative for event-driven architectures, they would still require an asynchronous subscriber (like a trigger or a flow) to actually perform the callout, making the Trigger + Future method combination the most straightforward and traditional answer for this PDII scenario.

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To build a maintainable and scalable solution, a developer must separate business logic from trigger execution and avoid hard-coding threshold values.

First, the $1,000,000 threshold should be stored in Custom Metadata (Option B). Custom Metadata is superior to hard-coding or even Custom Settings in this context because the records are deployable and can be queried efficiently without counting against standard SOQL limits. If the business decides to lower the "high value" threshold to $500,000, an administrator can simply update the Custom Metadata record without requiring any code changes or redeployments.

Second, the logic to identify these opportunities should be moved to a Helper Class (Option D). This follows the "Separation of Concerns" principle. Instead of writing the SOQL query and logic inside the trigger, the trigger calls a method in the helper class. Similarly, the Lightning Web Component's Apex controller can call the exact same method in the helper class. This ensures that the definition of a "high value opportunity" is managed in one single place in the codebase. If the logic becomes more complex (e.g., adding Industry filters), the developer only needs to update the helper class once to satisfy both the trigger and the UI component. Option A leads to "spaghetti code," and Option C is impossible as triggers cannot be called directly from JavaScript or other Apex classes.

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