SOA-C02 Exam Dumps - Amazon Web Services AWS Certified Associate Questions and Answers

Enabling consolidated control findings in Security Hub reduces duplication by merging findings for similar controls across multiple standards. This reduces the operational burden of prioritizing remediation based on multiple copies of the same findings.

Consolidated Control Findings: Merges findings for controls across standards to avoid duplicates, providing a clearer view of misconfigurations without the need for additional infrastructure or manual processing.

Least Operational Overhead: This solution is managed within Security Hub without the need for external tools or manual exports.

Using AWS Config aggregators, QuickSight visualization, or custom EC2-based solutions would introduce additional complexity and overhead.

Understand the Problem:

The requirement is to delete the CloudFormation stack without deleting the DynamoDB table.

Analyze the Requirements:

Ensure the DynamoDB table is preserved when the CloudFormation stack is deleted.

Evaluate the Options:

Option A: Add a Retain deletion policy to the DynamoDB resource.

The Retain policy ensures that the DynamoDB table is not deleted when the stack is deleted.

Option B: Add a Snapshot deletion policy to the DynamoDB resource.

Snapshot policy is not applicable to DynamoDB tables and would not retain the table itself.

Option C: Enable termination protection on the CloudFormation stack.

Prevents stack deletion entirely but does not specifically protect the DynamoDB table.

Option D: Update the IAM policy with a Deny statement for dynamodb:DeleteTable.

Prevents deletion of the table but is not a CloudFormation stack-specific solution.

Select the Best Solution:

Option A: Adding a Retain deletion policy to the DynamoDB resource in the CloudFormation stack ensures the table is preserved when the stack is deleted.

AWS CloudFormation Deletion Policy

Using the Retain deletion policy ensures that the DynamoDB table is not deleted when the CloudFormation stack is deleted, preserving critical data.

To securely connect to the S3 buckets over a private connection from EC2 instances without incurring additional costs, the SysOps administrator can create a gateway VPC endpoint.

Create a Gateway VPC Endpoint:

Navigate to the VPC console.

Create a gateway VPC endpoint for Amazon S3.

To delete the AWS CloudFormation stack without deleting the DynamoDB table, you need to apply a deletion policy to the DynamoDB resource. The Retain deletion policy ensures that the specified resource is not deleted when the stack is deleted. Instead, it is retained.

Steps:

Modify the CloudFormation Template:

Add a deletion policy to the DynamoDB table resource.

json

Copy code

{

"Resources": {

"MyDynamoDBTable": {

"Type": "AWS::DynamoDB::Table",

"DeletionPolicy": "Retain",

}

}

}

 Enable Access Logging for the ALB:

Access logging provides detailed information about requests sent to your load balancer.

Steps:

Go to the AWS Management Console.

Navigate to EC2 and select "Load Balancers."

Select your Application Load Balancer.

Under the "Attributes" tab, enable "Access logs."

Specify an S3 bucket where the logs will be saved.

Enable Access Logs for Your Load Balancer

 Use Amazon Athena to Query the ALB Logs:

Athena allows you to run SQL queries on data stored in S3.

Steps:

Go to the AWS Management Console.

Navigate to Athena.

Create a table for the ALB logs using the appropriate schema.

Run queries to calculate the total bytes sent and received, grouped by the target

field.

Example query:

SELECT target, SUM(received_bytes) as total_received, SUM(sent_bytes) as total_sent

FROM alb_logs

GROUP BY target, port

Installing the CloudWatch agent enables log monitoring, and a CloudWatch metric filter allows alerting on specific errors. Using EventBridge to trigger a Systems Manager Automation runbook automates the restart of the web server, creating an efficient and automated solution.

To generate a monthly report showing all S3 buckets and their compliance with the requirement to block public read access, the SysOps administrator can take the following steps:

Create an AWS Config Aggregator:

Create an AWS Config aggregator in an aggregator account. Use the organization as the source to aggregate AWS Config data across all accounts in the organization.

For a Lambda function in Account A to access an S3 bucket in Account B, the correct IAM roles setup includes:

A: In Account A, create a Lambda execution role that has permissions to assume another role in Account B. In Account B, create a role with permissions to access the S3 bucket and trust the Lambda execution role from Account A to assume it. This configuration allows the Lambda function to assume the cross-account role and access the S3 bucket as needed, maintaining security and proper access control. AWS documentation provides more details on setting up cross-account roles for Lambda access AWS Lambda Permissions.

Amazon CloudWatch Synthetics allows you to create canaries that monitor your endpoints and APIs. Canaries are scripts that run on a schedule to check your application’s availability and performance, and can detect issues before your customers do.

Create a CloudWatch Synthetics Canary:

Open the Amazon CloudWatch console at Amazon CloudWatch Console.

Navigate to Synthetics and choose Create Canary.

Use the CloudWatch Synthetics Recorder plugin to generate the script for the canary run.

Configure the Canary:

Define the schedule for the canary to run (e.g., every minute).

Specify the endpoint URL of the website.

Configure the canary to check for specific errors or issues based on your requirements.

Create Alarms:

Set up CloudWatch alarms to notify you when the canary detects issues. You can configure the alarm to send notifications via Amazon SNS.

Creating and Managing Canaries

CloudWatch Synthetics

Scenario Analysis:

The EC2 instance is inaccessible through RDP due to misconfigured Windows Firewall settings.

The boot volume is encrypted, which restricts direct modification without proper mounting and decryption tools.

The goal is to back up the instance and regain RDP connectivity.

Why Option D is Correct:

AWS provides EC2Rescue for Windows Server as a tool to resolve common connectivity and boot issues for Windows EC2 instances.

The process of detaching the boot volume and attaching it to another instance ensures that the misconfigured instance does not impede further configuration.

The working instance acts as a recovery environment where EC2Rescue can be run to modify the Windows Firewall settings and allow RDP access.

Steps to Resolve the Issue (Following Option D):

Step 1: Stop the instance.In the EC2 console, select the affected instance and stop it to ensure safe operations.

Step 2: Detach the boot volume.Navigate to the instance's storage section, identify the boot volume (usually /dev/sda1), and detach it.

Step 3: Attach the boot volume to a recovery instance.

Identify a working instance that has EC2Rescue installed.

Attach the detached boot volume to the recovery instance as a secondary volume.

Step 4: Run EC2Rescue to fix Windows Firewall settings.

Log in to the recovery instance and launch EC2Rescue.

Select the attached secondary volume and run diagnostics or select specific repairs (e.g., enabling RDP access in Windows Firewall settings).

Step 5: Detach the boot volume from the recovery instance.After applying the fix, safely detach the volume from the recovery instance.

Step 6: Reattach the boot volume to the original instance.Attach the volume back to the original instance as its boot volume.

Step 7: Start the instance and verify connectivity.Start the original instance and attempt to connect via RDP using the instance's public or private IP (depending on the network configuration).

AWS References and Best Practices:

EC2Rescue for Windows Server:Official documentation: EC2Rescue

Encrypted EBS Volumes:Ensure the proper use of the same AWS KMS key when attaching encrypted volumes to other instances. Reference: EBS Encryption

Backup Before Modifications:AWS recommends creating snapshots of EBS volumes before making changes. Reference: Creating EBS Snapshots

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option A: AWS does not support disabling encryption for EBS volumes directly. Additionally, creating a new key pair does not address the firewall misconfiguration.

Option B: Amazon Inspector does not provide tools for modifying Windows Firewall settings. It is primarily used for vulnerability assessments.

Option C: Disabling encryption is not supported, and Amazon Inspector cannot fix firewall issues.