EMEA-Advanced-Support Exam Dumps - Fortinet NSE Questions and Answers

Stateful inspection requires a complete TCP three-way handshake (SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK) to establish a session in the firewall’s state table. If the handshake is incomplete (e.g., missing ACK), the session is not established, and traffic is dropped. The question implies a stateful firewall scenario where traffic is blocked, likely due to an incomplete handshake. Asymmetric traffic (B) or incorrect ACK (A) are not indicated without further context, and C is incorrect if the handshake fails. Exact extract: "Stateful inspection ensures that a TCP three-way handshake is completed before allowing traffic... If the handshake is not completed, FortiGate drops the packets as invalid."

VMotion in VMware vSphere enables live migration of running virtual machines from one physical server to another with zero downtime, ensuring continuous operation. Fortinet’s FortiGate-VM supports such environments. Options A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not describe VMotion; C refers to a different migration scenario, and D is unrelated to virtualization. Exact extract: "VMotion allows the live migration of a running virtual machine from one physical server to another with no downtime... This ensures workloads continue running during server maintenance or load balancing."

The ‘diagnose debug flow’ command in FortiGate is used to troubleshoot how packets are processed through firewall policies, showing details like policy matching, NAT, and session handling. It helps identify why packets are allowed or dropped. Option A refers to packet sniffing, B to routing diagnostics, and D to performance monitoring, none of which are the primary function. Exact extract: "The diagnose debug flow command displays the packet flow through FortiGate, including policy matching, NAT, and session details, useful for troubleshooting traffic issues."

PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) sends username and password in clear text over the network, making it insecure. CHAP uses challenge-response with hash, MSCHAP is Microsoft variant with hash, EAP is extensible and can use various methods but not inherently clear text. Exact extract: It's "impossible" to authenticate wireless users based on EAP-PEAP sessions agains OpenLdap, except, if the users using clear text authetication methods (PAP). Clear text HTTP authentication is not secure. All user names and data (and, depending on the authentication style, passwords) are sent in clear text. If you ... Fortinet ... Password Authentication Protocol (PAP). Used to authenticate PPP connections. Transmits passwords and other user information in clear text. The default token page contains a "Token Code:" text field. Recommended customization. It's recommended to delete the "Token Code:" text. FortiWeb will use ... If you follow the configuration guide for NPS you'll see (step 9) you need to enable "Unencrypted authentication (PAP, SPAP)" (link below).

A route with a directly connected interface (no gateway) indicates the destination network is locally attached to that interface on the FortiGate. This is common for networks directly connected to the device’s interfaces. Option A is vague, B is incorrect as it’s not a dummy route, and D suggests an unknown route, which isn’t the case. Exact extract: "A directly connected route indicates that the destination network is locally attached to the interface specified in the routing table... No gateway is required for such routes as the FortiGate is directly connected to the network."

Hub-and-spoke IPsec VPN reduces the number of tunnels needed (one per spoke to hub instead of n(n-1)/2 in full mesh), simplifying configuration and routing tables with summarized routes at the hub. It does not inherently provide stronger encryption or require for redundancy (though can be made redundant). Exact extract: I want to have a way to quickly (preferably automated) setup VPN's to my 2 hubs from each spoke. However we do not want/need VPNs between spokes. Hub Configuration: Configure the FortiGate unit as the hub. Set up IPsec VPN tunnels for each spoke. Use preshared keys for authentication. The purpose of this document is to describe the requirements and general information for building a Hub & Spoke architecture using FortiGate-VM on Oracle Cloud ... The remote sites do not need to have connectivity to each other nor does the customer want them to have connectivity to each other. Given these ... This article gives a brief configuration example from one spoke to other spoke using IPsec, through the Hub firewall.

The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model consists of seven layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application. This framework is used in Fortinet documentation to explain protocol operations. Options A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not match the standard OSI model. Exact extract: "The OSI model defines seven layers for network communication: 1. Physical, 2. Data Link, 3. Network, 4. Transport, 5. Session, 6. Presentation, 7. Application."

FortiGate’s DoS (Denial of Service) Policy limits the rate of incoming connections or packets to mitigate DDoS attacks, such as SYN floods, by setting thresholds for specific traffic types. IPS Signatures (B) detect specific attack patterns, Application Control (C) manages app usage, and Web Filtering (D) blocks URLs, none of which focus on rate limiting. Exact extract: "DoS policies protect against DDoS attacks by limiting the rate of incoming connections or packets, such as SYN floods, based on configured thresholds."

Policy Routes in FortiGate allow routing decisions based on criteria like source, destination, or service, overriding the default routing table. SD-WAN Rules (A) are for WAN optimization, Static Routes (C) are fixed, and Dynamic Routes (D) are protocol-based, not policy-based. Exact extract: "Policy Routes allow FortiGate to make routing decisions based on user-defined criteria, such as source/destination IPs or services, overriding standard routing."

A hybrid cloud combines on-premises infrastructure (local datacenter) with public cloud resources, allowing workloads to operate across both environments for flexibility and scalability. Fortinet solutions like FortiGate-VM support hybrid cloud deployments. Option A refers to hardware diversity, C to OS variety, and D to architecture types, none of which define hybrid cloud. Exact extract: "Hybrid cloud is the combination of public cloud services with an on-premises private cloud or datacenter... This allows customers to run some systems in the public cloud and others in their local datacenter, managed seamlessly."