PTCE Exam Dumps - PTCB CPhT Questions and Answers

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:

OnceBasaglar insulin pensare opened, they must bediscarded after 28 dayseven if insulin remains, as potency decreases.

????Explanation of Answer Choices:✅D. 28 days→Correct.FDA-approved discard time for Basaglar.❌A. 1 day→ Incorrect.Too short.kabtak chaoiyue❌B. 7 days→ Incorrect.Too short.❌C. 14 days→ Incorrect.Incorrect expiration timeframe.

????Reference:

FDA Basaglar Storage Guidelines

PTCB Exam: Medication Storage and Expiration

Intradermal (ID) injectionsare deliveredinto the dermis (just below the epidermis).

Used forallergy testing, tuberculosis (TB) testing, and some vaccines.

Theneedle angle is 10–15 degrees, and only asmall volume (0.1 mL – 0.5 mL)is injected.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

A. Intraperitoneal?❌Injected into theperitoneal cavity, used in animal research.

B. Intravenous (IV)?❌Injected into aveinfor rapid drug action.

C. Intramuscular (IM)?❌Injecteddeep into the muscle(e.g., vaccines, pain medications).

????Reference:CDC Injection Guidelines, PTCE Exam Study Guide.

Lamivudine (Epivir)is anantiretroviral agent used to treat HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B. Some antiretroviral drugs are classified ashigh-alert medications in certain healthcare settingsbecause:

Dosing errors can lead to treatment failure or resistance.

Severe side effects and toxicities may occur if misused.

TheInstitute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP)includes some antiretrovirals in theirhigh-alert medication list, especially in hospitals.

A. Meperidine❌→Not an antiretroviral; it's a narcotic analgesic (opioid pain reliever).

B. Olopatadine❌→Not an antiretroviral; it's an antihistamine (used for allergies).

D. Tizanidine❌→Not an antiretroviral; it's a muscle relaxant.

ISMP High-Alert Medication List– Includes certainantiretroviral drugs as high-alert medications in some settings.

FDA Drug Labeling for Lamivudine (Epivir)– ListsHIV/AIDS and Hepatitis B as indications.

PTCB PTCE Exam Content Outline– Covers high-alert medications and their risks.

Why Not the Other Options?Key References:

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:

Aripiprazole (Abilify)is anatypical antipsychoticused to treatschizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

????Explanation of Answer Choices:✅A. Aripiprazole→Correct.Anantipsychotic used for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.❌B. Rifampin→ Incorrect.An antibiotic for tuberculosis.❌C. Ketoconazole→ Incorrect.An antifungal.❌D. Zolpidem→ Incorrect.A sedative for insomnia (Ambien).

????Reference:

FDA Drug Database: Aripiprazole

PTCB Pharmacology for Technicians

Pharmacy staff should always visually inspect nonsterile compounds for signs of incompatibility to ensure medication safety and efficacy. The presence ofprecipitationis a key indicator of an incompatibility issue in nonsterile compounded preparations. Precipitation occurs when a solute (drug) comes out of solution, forming visible solid particles. This can result from changes in pH, solvent composition, or chemical interactions between ingredients.

A. Photolysis:

Decomposition of a drug due to light exposure, leading to color changes or potency loss, but it is not a physical incompatibility visible as precipitation.

B. Hydrolysis:

Chemical breakdown of a drug due to water, common in ester and amide-containing drugs, but not a visual incompatibility like precipitation.

D. Oxidation-Reduction:

A chemical reaction that may change drug color or effectiveness but does not typically lead to visible precipitation in nonsterile compounds.

Other Answer Choices Explained:References:

USP <795> Pharmaceutical Compounding—Nonsterile Preparations

PTCB PTCE Exam Content Outline (Medication Safety & Quality Assurance)

Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy

Materials used to clean up chemotherapy (hazardous drug) spills (e.g., pads, wipes, absorbents, PPE used in the cleanup) are managed as hazardous drug waste, due to contamination with active hazardous drug. “Trace” hazardous waste applies to empty containers and PPE with only residual amounts, not spill cleanup materials. These practices are consistent with USP <800>, OSHA/NIOSH guidance, and hazardous waste handling standards.

References (Pharmacy Technician documents / Study Guides):

• USP <800> Hazardous Drugs—Handling in Healthcare Settings: Spill management and waste disposal.

• NIOSH/OSHA guidance on hazardous drug spill response and contaminated materials disposal.

• ASHP Guidelines on Handling Hazardous Drugs: Waste classification and disposal practices.

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:

Retin-A (Tretinoin)is atopical retinoidused foracne treatmentandshould be stored with other topical medicationsatroom temperature (68-77°F or 20-25°C).

????Explanation of Answer Choices:✅D. Topical preparations→Correct.Retin-A is atopical medicationand should be stored accordingly.❌A. Liquid preparations→ Incorrect.Retin-A is not an oral liquid.❌B. Chemotherapy drugs→ Incorrect.Tretinoin is not classified as chemotherapy.❌C. Refrigerated drugs→ Incorrect.Retin-A should not be refrigerated.

????Reference:

USP <1079>: Storage of Pharmaceuticals

Manufacturer’s Storage Guidelines for Retin-A

FDA recall classifications are defined by the likelihood and severity of health consequences:

• Class I: Reasonable probability that use/exposure will cause serious adverse health consequences or death (e.g., microbial contamination of a sterile product or a life-threatening wrong drug situation).

• Class II: May cause temporary or medically reversible adverse health consequences, or where the probability of serious adverse consequences is remote.

• Class III: Not likely to cause adverse health consequences; often labeling or packaging issues that do not impact safety/efficacy.

For nystatin suspension:

• Bacterial contamination (A) or fungal contamination (C) represents a clinically significant contamination with potential for harm—this aligns with Class I (or Class II in some limited contexts depending on product/route), but certainly not Class III.

• Wrong active ingredient present (B) (e.g., presence of carbamazepine) is a serious error that can cause significant harm and is typically Class I.

• Incorrect lot number on the label (D) is a labeling defect not likely to cause adverse health consequences, aligning with a Class III recall.

High-alert medications are those that bear a heightened risk of causing significant patient harm when used in error. Parenteral potassium chloride (KCl) for injection is a classic example on institutional high-alert lists due to the risk of fatal cardiac arrhythmias with inadvertent bolus administration, concentration mix-ups, or compounding errors. This designation is not based on name similarity (A), packaging color schemes (B), or prescribing preference (C), but on the severity of harm from errors.

Escitalopram (Lexapro)is aselective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)used formajor depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). If escitalopram isnon-formulary, a suitable alternative would besertraline (Zoloft), anotherSSRIwith a similar mechanism of action and indication.

A. Cabergoline→ Incorrect; cabergoline is adopamine agonistused to treathyperprolactinemia, not depression or anxiety.

B. Ciprofloxacin→ Incorrect; ciprofloxacin is afluoroquinolone antibiotic, unrelated to antidepressant therapy.

D. Amantadine→ Incorrect; amantadine is anantiviral and antiparkinsonianagent, not used for depression.

Other Answer Choices Explained:References:

PTCB PTCE Exam Content Outline (Pharmacology for Technicians – Nervous System Drugs)

Lexicomp Drug Monographs for SSRIs (Escitalopram & Sertraline)

Goodman & Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics