CAS-005 Exam Dumps - CompTIA SecurityX Questions and Answers

The application allows users to input URLs, which the application then fetches using requests.get(url). This functionality can be exploited if not properly validated, leading to potential security vulnerabilities such as Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF).

Implementing a code scanner as part of the development pipeline can help identify insecure coding practices, such as unsanitized user inputs and improper handling of external requests. Code scanners analyze the source code for known vulnerabilities and coding errors, enabling developers to remediate issues before deployment.

The SIEM already contains multiple events that, if correlated, would have indicated an active attack sequence on VM001—such as denied connections, IPS alerts, malware detection, and then an allowed connection. CAS-005 Security Operations objectives emphasize log correlation as a way to enhance detection by linking related events across different time stamps and data sources into a single, higher-confidence alert.

Option A (adding EDR logs) could add visibility but does not address the need to connect existing events for earlier detection.

Option C (improving parsing) ensures readability but does not create actionable alerts.

Option D (creating a new malware detection rule) is redundant since malware detection already appeared in logs; the issue was the lack of correlation to act on it in time.

By correlating IDS, IPS, firewall, and malware detection logs, the SIEM can raise a higher-priority alert before the attack is completed.

When the cost to mitigate certain risks is higher than the asset values, the best approach is to purchase insurance. Thismethod allows the company to transfer the risk to an insurance provider, ensuring that financial losses are covered in the event of an incident. This approach is cost-effective and ensures that risks are prioritized appropriately without overspending on mitigation efforts.

Sinkholing, or DNS sinkholing, is a method used to redirect malicious traffic to a safe destination. This technique is often employed by security teams to prevent access to malicious domains by substituting a benign destination IP address.

In the given logs, users from the finance department are accessing www.bank.com and receiving HTTP status code 495. This status code is typically indicative of a client certificate error, which can occur if the DNS traffic is being manipulated or redirected incorrectly. The consistency in receiving the same HTTP status code across different users suggests a systematic issue rather than an isolated incident.

Recursive DNS resolution failure (A) would generally lead to inability to resolve DNS at all, not to a specific HTTP error.

DNS poisoning (B) could result in usersbeing directed to malicious sites, but again, would likely result in a different set of errors or unusual activity.

Incorrect DNS setup (D) would likely cause broader resolution issues rather than targeted errors like the one seen here.

By reviewing the provided data, it is evident that the DNS traffic for www.bank.com is being rerouted improperly, resulting in consistent HTTP 495 errors for the finance department users. Hence, the most likely cause is that the DNS traffic is being sinkholed.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

For a distributed workforce needing access to compliance-bound on-premises systems, VPN access ensures encrypted, authenticated connectivity while limiting exposure. SecurityX CAS-005 emphasizes using VPNs for secure remote access when direct migration to cloud is not possible.

Moving legacy systems to cloud (B) violates the compliance constraints.

SDN security controls (C) are beneficial but do not inherently provide secure remote connectivity.

Microsegmentation (D) is useful for internal lateral movement control but does not solve remote access needs.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Code signing uses cryptographic digital signatures to prove that software or updates come from a trusted source and have not been altered. In the SecurityX CAS-005 objectives, this is covered under security engineering and cryptographic assurance mechanisms.

Envelope encryption protects confidentiality but does not authenticate the source.

File integrity monitoring detects file changes but does not confirm the origin of the update.

Application control manages which software can run but does not ensure authenticity of distributed files.Only code signing meets all three objectives: verifying the source, ensuring authorization, and proving integrity.

SecurityX CAS-005 network architecture objectives emphasize limiting exposure of vulnerable systems by using application-aware firewalls with strict rule sets.

This approach directly reduces the attack surface by allowing only approved application traffic to and from the vulnerable systems, mitigating risk until systems are patched or replaced.

EDR (A) enhances detection but doesn’t inherently reduce the exposed services.

Network segmentation in monitor mode (B) doesn’t block threats.

IDS (C) detects activity but does not block it.

Based on the provided logs, the user has accessed various applications from different geographic locations within a very short timeframe. This pattern is indicative of the "impossible travel" security rule, a common feature in Single Sign-On (SSO) systems designed to detect and prevent fraudulent access attempts.

Analysis of Logs:

At 8:47 p.m., the user accessed a VPN from Toronto.

At 8:48 p.m., the user accessed email from Los Angeles.

At 8:48 p.m., the user accessed the human resources system from Los Angeles.

At 8:49 p.m., the user accessed email again from Los Angeles.

At 8:52 p.m., the user attempted to access the human resources system from Toronto, which was denied.

These rapid changes in location are physically impossible and typically trigger security measures to prevent unauthorized access. The SSO system detected these inconsistencies and likely flagged the activity as suspicious, resulting in access denial.

To ensure always-on VPN access is enabled and restricted to company assets, the network engineer needs to generate device certificates using the specific template settings required for the company's VPN solution. These certificates ensure that only authorized devices can establish a VPN connection.

Why Device Certificates are Necessary:

Authentication: Device certificates authenticate company assets, ensuring that only authorized devices can access the VPN.

Security: Certificates provide a higher level of security compared to username and password combinations, reducing the risk of unauthorized access.

Compliance: Certificates help in meeting security policies and compliance requirements by ensuring that only managed devices can connect to the corporate network.

Other options do not provide the same level of control and security for always-on VPN access:

B. Modify signing certificates for IKE version 2: While important for VPN protocols, it does not address device-specific authentication.

C. Create a wildcard certificate: This is not suitable for device-specific authentication and could introduce security risks.

D. Add the VPN hostname as a SAN entry: This is more related to certificate management and does not ensure device-specific authentication.

The best description of the cyber threat to a central bank implementing strict risk mitigations for the hardware supply chain, including an allow list for specific countries of origin, is the risk of physical implants and tampering. Here’s why:

Supply Chain Security: The supply chain is a critical vector for hardware tampering and physical implants, which can compromise the integrity and security of hardware components before they reach the organization.

Targeted Attacks: Banks and financial institutions are high-value targets, making them susceptible to sophisticated attacks, including those involving physical implants that can be introduced during manufacturing or shipping processes.

Strict Mitigations: Implementing an allow list for specific countries aims to mitigate the risk of supply chain attacks by limiting the sources of hardware. However, the primary concern remains the introduction of malicious components through tampering.