Information-Technology-Management Exam Dumps - WGU Courses and Certificates Questions and Answers

Importance of Corporate Culture in Technology Adoption:

Organizational culture directly influences employees’ willingness to adopt new technologies.

Resistance often stems from fear of change, lack of trust in technology, or inadequate training.

Steps Before Implementing a Unified Communications System:

Assess the corporate culture to identify barriers to adoption.

Develop a change management strategy to address concerns and align the system with company values.

Incorrect Options Analysis:

A. Pilot Testing: Useful later in implementation, but not the first step.

B. Employee Accessibility: Important but secondary to addressing cultural barriers.

D. Competitors’ Systems: Irrelevant to internal resistance issues.

References and Documents of Information Technology Management:

ITIL 4 Digital Transformation Guide (Axelos).

"Change Management in Technology Implementation" (Harvard Business Review).

Crash-proof software prevents data loss during system failures by automatically saving information or maintaining system stability. Examples include backup solutions and automatic recovery features in operating systems.

IT sustainability focuses on reducing environmental impact and promoting energy efficiency in technology use. This is achieved through measures such as:

Using energy-efficient hardware

Implementing green data center practices

Adjusting power management settings

Extending equipment life cycles where possible

These practices lower energy consumption, reduce waste, and support corporate social responsibility goals.

Option B: Incorrect—frequent replacement of devices increases e-waste and is not sustainable.

Option C: Incorrect—expanding data centers generally increases environmental footprint.

Option D: Incorrect—using high-performance hardware for all tasks wastes energy when simpler systems would suffice.

Therefore, IT sustainability is improved by using efficient hardware and power settings.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

Intrusion detection is the process of using monitoring tools and systems to identify and alert on unauthorized or suspicious activities on networks or hosts, often in real time. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) analyze traffic or system events to detect:

Unauthorized access attempts

Malicious or abnormal behavior

Known attack signatures or anomalies

When potential intrusions are detected, these systems can generate alerts, and in some configurations (IDS/IPS), they may also help automate responses or integrate with other security tools.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A. Penetration testing – Simulates attacks to find vulnerabilities but is periodic and manual, not continuous real-time monitoring.

B. Access control – Governs who is allowed to access what (through authentication and authorization). It is preventive, not primarily focused on real-time detection of unauthorized attempts once they occur.

C. Log review – Involves analyzing stored logs, often after the fact, for auditing or investigation. It is not necessarily real-time detection.

Therefore, the correct answer is D. Intrusion detection, because it is the process that specifically uses monitoring tools to detect and respond to unauthorized access attempts in real time.

Global Team Formation:

Organizations often form global teams when they face talent shortages in their local markets. Expanding globally provides access to a larger and more diverse talent pool.

Global teams enable the organization to leverage regional expertise, foster innovation, and reduce dependency on local markets.

Incorrect Options Analysis:

B. Security via private cloud: Relates to infrastructure decisions, not team formation.

C. Digital transformation: Involves adopting technology, not directly forming a global team.

D. U.S. Military as a client: Security and compliance measures may be involved, but this is not necessarily linked to global team creation.

References and Documents of Information Technology Management:

"Global Talent Acquisition Strategies" (McKinsey).

ITIL Human Resources Alignment Best Practices (Axelos).

Lifecycle Stage Overview in ITIL:The Service Design (SD) stage in ITIL focuses on creating and refining services and procedures that meet business requirements. It involves planning and designing new or updated services to ensure alignment with strategic business objectives.

Core Objectives of Service Design:

Designing services and processes to deliver high-quality outcomes.

Ensuring services are cost-effective, scalable, and aligned with the business's technical and operational requirements.

Key Elements of Service Design:

Service catalog management.

Capacity, availability, and continuity planning.

Service level management.

Incorrect Options Analysis:

Service Transition (ST): Focuses on moving new or changed services into operation, not designing them.

Service Strategy (SS): Involves defining the organization's strategic approach, not the specifics of service creation.

Service Operation (SO): Manages day-to-day operations of IT services, focusing on stability and efficiency.

References and Documents of Information Technology Management:

ITIL Foundation: Axelos (2019).

ITIL 4 Service Design Best Practices Guide (Axelos Publications).

A Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP) outlines the procedures, technologies, and resources needed to restore systems, data, and operations following a disruption. This includes backups, redundant systems, alternate facilities, and recovery strategies to ensure operational continuity.

Option A: Risk management identifies and prioritizes risks, but DR handles recovery actions.

Option B: Infrastructure upgrades improve systems but are not focused on continuity.

Option C: Compliance plans ensure adherence to regulations, not recovery.

Thus, the correct plan for backups and redundancy is the Disaster recovery plan.

Understanding Team Friction:

Team friction often arises due to a lack of communication, recognition, or conflicting goals.

Building a positive work culture where team members feel valued can reduce friction and improve collaboration.

Creating a Culture of Appreciation:

Regularly acknowledging contributions fosters trust and teamwork.

It encourages positive behavior and strengthens team bonds.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option A: Weekly feedback is useful but does not address the root causes of friction.

Option C: Nurturing competition can exacerbate conflicts and harm collaboration.

Option D: Anonymous feedback might provide insights but does not directly alleviate friction.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

A Trojan horse (or simply “Trojan”) is a type of malware that pretends to be legitimate or useful software to trick users into installing or running it. Once executed, it can create backdoors, download additional malicious components, or allow unauthorized access to the system, while often hiding its true purpose.

Why B is correct: A Trojan disguises itself as something benign or helpful (such as a free utility, game, or update) in order to deceive the user and gain access. This matches the definition given in standard cybersecurity sections of IT management materials.

Why the others are incorrect:

A. Keylogger – Specializes in capturing keystrokes to steal information like passwords; it may be delivered by a Trojan, but the defining behavior is keystroke logging, not masquerading as legitimate software.

C. Spyware – Secretly monitors user activity and sends data to an attacker; it focuses on surveillance, not necessarily on pretending to be legitimate software as its core characteristic.

D. Rootkit – Designed to hide the presence of malware or attackers by modifying system processes and tools; its main role is stealth and persistence, not initial disguise as legitimate software.

Understanding CRM Phases:

CRM systems encompass phases such as reporting, analyzing, and predicting to support business operations and decision-making.

The predicting phase uses historical data to forecast future trends, behaviors, or requirements.

Application in the Scenario:

The inventory manager is using CRM data to forecast how much inventory to pre-order for a sales promotion, aligning with the predicting phase.

This involves evaluating past sales trends and customer behaviors to anticipate demand.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option B (Defining): This phase does not exist in CRM processes.

Option C (Reporting): Reporting provides data summaries but does not forecast future needs.

Option D (Analyzing): Analyzing focuses on identifying patterns but stops short of prediction.