HPE6-A78 Exam Dumps - HP Aruba-ACNSA Questions and Answers

Tarpit containment is a method used in ArubaOS Wireless Intrusion Prevention (WIP) to contain rogue APs. It differs from traditional wireless containment in several ways, particularly in how it interacts with clients and manages network resources.

Tarpit containment works by spoofing frames from an AP to confuse a client about its association. It forces the client to associate with a fake channel or BSSID, which is more efficient than rogue containment via repeated de-authorization requests. This method is designed to be less disruptive and more resource-efficient1.

Here’s why the other options are not correct:

Option A is incorrect because tarpit containment does not involve sending ARP frames over the wired network. It operates wirelessly by creating a fake channel or BSSID.

Option B is incorrect because tarpit containment does not selectively target authorized clients; it affects all clients connected to the rogue AP.

Option C is incorrect because tarpit containment does require an RF Protect license to function2.

Therefore, Option D is the correct answer. Tarpit containment is more effective at keeping clients off the network with fewer disassociation frames than traditional wireless containment. It achieves this by forming associations with clients, which leads to a more efficient use of airtime and reduces the chance of negative effects on legitimate network users12.

In WPA3-Enterprise, the Pairwise Master Key (PMK) is indeed unique for each session and is derived using a process called Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE). SAE is a new handshake protocol available in WPA3 that provides better security than the Pre-Shared Key (PSK) used in WPA2. This handshake process strengthens user privacy in open networks and provides forward secrecy. The information on SAE and its use in generating a unique PMK can be found in the Wi-Fi Alliance's WPA3 specifications and related technical documentation.

The task is to configure an AOS-CX switch to send logs to a SIEM Syslog server at IP address 10.4.13.15 using TCP port 514, with logs for events at the "warning" severity level or above (i.e., warning, error, critical, alert, emergency). The initial command entered is:

AOS-CX(config)# logging 10.4.13.15 tcp vrf default

This command configures the switch to send logs to the Syslog server at 10.4.13.15 using TCP (port 514 is the default for TCP Syslog unless specified otherwise) and the default VRF. However, this command alone does not specify the severity level of the logs to be sent, which is a requirement of the task.

Severity Level Configuration: AOS-CX switches allow you to specify the severity level for logs sent to a Syslog server. The severity levels, in increasing order of severity, are: debug, informational, notice, warning, error, critical, alert, and emergency. The requirement is to send logs at the "warning" level or above, meaning warning, error, critical, alert, and emergency logs should be sent, but debug, informational, and notice logs should not.

Option A, "Specify the ‘warning’ severity level for the logging server," is correct. To meet the requirement, you need to add the severity level to the logging configuration for the specific Syslog server. The command to do this is:

AOS-CX(config)# logging 10.4.13.15 severity warning

This command ensures that only logs with a severity of warning or higher are sent to the Syslog server at 10.4.13.15. Since the initial command already specified TCP and the default VRF, this additional command completes the configuration.

Option B, "Add logging categories at the global level," is incorrect. Logging categories (e.g., system, security, network) are used to filter logs based on the type of event, not the severity level. The requirement is about severity ("warning" or above), not specific categories, so this step is not necessary to meet the stated criteria.

Option C, "Ask for the Syslog password and configure it on the switch," is incorrect. Syslog servers typically do not require a password for receiving logs, and AOS-CX switches do not have a configuration option to specify a Syslog password. Authentication or encryption for Syslog (e.g., using TLS) is not mentioned in the requirements.

Option D, "Configure logging as a debug destination," is incorrect. Configuring a debug destination (e.g., using the debug command) is used to send debug-level logs to a destination (e.g., console, buffer, or Syslog), but the requirement is to send logs at the "warning" level or above, not debug-level logs. Additionally, the logging command already specifies the Syslog server as the destination.

The HPE Aruba Networking AOS-CX 10.12 System Management Guide states:

"To configure a Syslog server on an AOS-CX switch, use the logging [tcp | udp] [vrf ] command to specify the server’s IP address, protocol, and VRF. To filter logs by severity, add the severity option to the logging command. For example, logging 10.4.13.15 tcp severity warning sends logs with a severity of warning or higher (warning, error, critical, alert, emergency) to the Syslog server at 10.4.13.15 using TCP. The default port for TCP Syslog is 514." (Page 89, Syslog Configuration Section)

Additionally, the guide notes:

"Severity levels for logging on AOS-CX switches are, in increasing order: debug, informational, notice, warning, error, critical, alert, emergency. Specifying a severity level of ‘warning’ ensures that only logs at that level or higher are sent to the configured destination." (Page 90, Logging Severity Levels Section)

Control Plane Security (CPsec) enhances security in the network by protecting management traffic between APs and Mobility Controllers (MCs) from eavesdropping. CPsec ensures that all control and management traffic that transits the network is encrypted, thus preventing potential attackers from gaining access to sensitive management data. It helps in securing the network's control plane, which is crucial for maintaining the integrity and privacy of the network operations.

HPE Aruba Networking’s Wireless Intrusion Prevention (WIP) system, part of the AOS-8 architecture (Mobility Master and Mobility Controllers), is designed to detect and classify rogue APs. The "AOS Detected Radios" page provides details about detected APs, including their SSID, BSSID, and match methods used to classify them.

In this case, the AP is classified as a rogue with the following match methods:

Plus one: This indicates that the BSSID of the detected AP is numerically close (e.g., differs by one in the last octet) to the MAC address of a known device in the network.

Eth-Wired-Mac-Table: This indicates that the AP’s MAC address (or a closely related MAC address) was found in the wired network’s MAC address table, suggesting that the AP is connected to the LAN.

These match methods suggest that the AP is likely connected to the company’s wired LAN (via the Eth-Wired-Mac-Table match) and has a BSSID that is close to a known device’s MAC address (Plus one match). Since this AP is not part of the company’s authorized AP list (it’s broadcasting "PublicWiFi," which may not be a corporate SSID), it is classified as a suspected rogue. This scenario is common when an unauthorized AP is plugged into the corporate LAN, posing a security risk.

Option A, "The AP has been detected using multiple MAC addresses," is incorrect because the match methods do not indicate multiple MAC addresses; they indicate a close match to a known MAC and a presence in the wired MAC table.

Option C, "The AP is an AP that belongs to your solution," is incorrect because the AP is classified as a rogue, meaning it is not part of the authorized APs in the solution.

Option D, "The AP has a BSSID that is close to your authorized APs’ BSSIDs," is partially correct in that the "Plus one" match indicates a close BSSID, but the key reason for the rogue classification is its connection to the LAN (Eth-Wired-Mac-Table), not just the BSSID similarity.

The HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide states:

"The Wireless Intrusion Prevention (WIP) system detects rogue APs by analyzing their BSSIDs, SSIDs, and connectivity to the wired network. The ‘Eth-Wired-Mac-Table’ match method indicates that the AP’s MAC address (or a closely related address) was found in the wired network’s MAC address table, suggesting that the AP is connected to the LAN. The ‘Plus one’ match method indicates that the AP’s BSSID is numerically close to a known MAC address in the network, which can indicate a potential rogue device attempting to mimic a legitimate device." (Page 412, Rogue AP Detection Section)

Additionally, the guide notes:

"A rogue AP is classified as ‘suspected rogue’ if it is detected on the wired network (e.g., via Eth-Wired-Mac-Table) and is not part of the authorized AP list. This often occurs when an unauthorized AP is connected to the corporate LAN." (Page 413, Rogue AP Classification Section)

When implementing wireless containment as a response to unauthorized devices, a company should consider the legal implications. Wireless containment might affect devices that are not part of the company's network and could be considered as a form of interference. This could have legal consequences, and therefore, such actions should be carefully reviewed and ideally should be performed in a targeted and controlled manner, reducing the risk of legal issues.

To ensure that only management stations in the subnet 192.168.1.0/24 can access the ArubaOS-Switches' Command Line Interface (CLI), Web UI, and REST interfaces, while also allowing managers to access other parts of the network, you should specify 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 as the authorized manager IP address on the switches. This configuration will restrict access to the switch management interfaces to devices within the specified IP address range, effectively creating a management access list.

Symmetric encryption is a type of encryption where the same key is used to encrypt and decrypt the message. It's called "symmetric" because the key used for encryption is identical to the key used for decryption. The data, or plaintext, is transformed into ciphertext during encryption, and then the same key is used to revert the ciphertext back to plaintext during decryption. It is a straightforward method but requires secure handling and exchange of the encryption key.

In a wireless network deployment with Aruba Mobility Master (MM), Mobility Controllers (MCs), and Campus APs (CAPs), where a WLAN is configured to use Tunnel mode for forwarding, the user traffic is tunneled from the APs to the MCs. VLAN 301, which is assigned to the WLAN, must be present on the links from the MCs to the core routing switches because these switches act as the default router for the wireless user traffic. It is not necessary for the VLAN to be present on all campus LAN links or AP links, only between the MCs and the core routing switches where the routing for VLAN 301 will occur.

The exhibit shows an error in the CPPM Event Viewer: "RADIUS authentication attempt from unknown NAD 10.1.10.8:1812." This indicates that a new HPE Aruba Networking Mobility Controller (MC) is attempting to send RADIUS authentication requests to HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager (CPPM), but CPPM does not recognize the MC as a Network Access Device (NAD), resulting in the authentication failure.

Unknown NAD Error: In CPPM, a NAD is a device (e.g., an MC, switch, or AP) that sends RADIUS requests to CPPM for authentication. Each NAD must be configured in CPPM with its IP address and a shared secret. The error "unknown NAD 10.1.10.8:1812" means that the IP address 10.1.10.8 (the source IP of the MC’s RADIUS request) is not listed as a NAD in CPPM’s configuration, so CPPM rejects the request.

Option A, "That the IP address that the MC is using to reach CPPM matches the one defined for the device on CPPM," is correct. You need to check that the MC’s IP address (10.1.10.8) is correctly configured as a NAD in CPPM. In CPPM, go to Configuration > Network > Devices, and verify that a NAD entry exists for 10.1.10.8. If the IP address does not match (e.g., due to NAT, a different interface, or a misconfiguration), CPPM will reject the request as coming from an unknown NAD.

Option B, "That the MC has valid admin credentials configured on it for logging into the CPPM," is incorrect. Admin credentials on the MC are used for management access (e.g., SSH, web UI), not for RADIUS authentication. RADIUS communication between the MC and CPPM uses a shared secret, not admin credentials.

Option C, "That the MC has been added as a domain machine on the Active Directory domain with which CPPM is synchronized," is incorrect. Adding the MC as a domain machine in Active Directory (AD) is relevant only if the MC itself is authenticating users against AD (e.g., for machine authentication), but this is not required for the MC to act as a NAD sending RADIUS requests to CPPM.

Option D, "That the shared secret configured for the CPPM authentication server matches the one defined for the device on CPPM," is incorrect in this context. While a shared secret mismatch would cause authentication failures, it would not result in an "unknown NAD" error. The "unknown NAD" error occurs before the shared secret is checked, as CPPM does not recognize the IP address as a valid NAD.

The HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager 6.11 User Guide states:

"The error ‘RADIUS authentication attempt from unknown NAD ’ in the Event Viewer indicates that the IP address of the device sending the RADIUS request (e.g., a Mobility Controller) is not configured as a Network Access Device (NAD) in ClearPass. To resolve this, go to Configuration > Network > Devices in the CPPM UI, and ensure that the IP address of the device (e.g., 10.1.10.8) is added as a NAD with the correct shared secret. The IP address used by the device to reach CPPM must match the one defined in the NAD configuration." (Page 302, Troubleshooting RADIUS Issues Section)

Additionally, the HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide notes:

"When configuring a Mobility Controller to use ClearPass as a RADIUS server, ensure that the MC’s IP address is added as a NAD in ClearPass. If ClearPass logs an ‘unknown NAD’ error, verify that the IP address the MC uses to send RADIUS requests (e.g., the source IP of the request) matches the IP address configured in ClearPass under Configuration > Network > Devices." (Page 498, Configuring RADIUS Authentication Section)