NGFW-Engineer Exam Dumps - Paloalto Networks Network Security Administrator Questions and Answers

When integrating Kubernetes with Palo Alto Networks NGFWs, the CN-Series firewalls are specifically designed to secure traffic between microservices in containerized environments. These firewalls provide advanced security features like Application Identification (App-ID), URL filtering, and Threat Prevention to secure communication between containers and microservices within a Kubernetes environment.

In a High Availability (HA) active/passive pair configuration, when setting up an Aggregate Ethernet (AE) interface, enabling the "Enable in HA Passive State" option allows the interface to participate in LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol) even when the system is in the passive state. This ensures that the pre-negotiation of the LACP link occurs, allowing the link aggregation to be ready as soon as the firewall becomes active.

In a hybrid cloud deployment, Ansible is primarily used for automating configurations and policy updates on Palo Alto Networks Next-Generation Firewalls (NGFWs). Through the use of playbooks, Ansible can automate the process of deploying security policies, updating configurations, and managing the firewall's state, which enhances efficiency and consistency across multiple NGFWs in a large or hybrid cloud environment.

The Proxy IDs (or Traffic Selectors) define the local and remote subnets that are allowed to communicate over the IPSec tunnel. If the Proxy IDs on the Palo Alto Networks firewall do not match the configuration on the Cisco ASA, the tunnel will fail to establish because the firewalls won't agree on which traffic to encrypt. Ensuring that the Proxy IDs match between the Palo Alto Networks firewall and the Cisco ASA will resolve the issue.

In the context of GlobalProtect with certificate-based authentication, certificate profiles are used to ensure proper validation of the certificates. They perform the following functions:

Define trust anchors, which are the root and intermediate Certificate Authorities (CAs) that the firewall trusts to authenticate certificates.

Specify revocation checks, such as CRL (Certificate Revocation List) and OCSP (Online Certificate Status Protocol), to ensure that the certificates being used have not been revoked.

Map certificate attributes, such as the Common Name (CN), which helps in authenticating users and devices based on their certificates.

In Panorama, without performing a context switch, the administrator can perform local configuration tasks directly on the connected firewall. The following operations can be done:

Modification of local security rules: Security rules can be modified directly on the connected firewall from the Panorama GUI.

Modification of a Layer 3 interface: Changes to the Layer 3 interfaces on the connected firewall can be done from Panorama, without needing to switch to the firewall's local interface.

Modification of the firewall device hostname: The firewall's hostname can be changed via Panorama.

To implement post-quantum cryptography (PQC) in VPNs between Palo Alto Networks NGFWs, you would enable the PQ KEM (Post-Quantum Key Encapsulation Mechanism) in the IKE gateway configuration. This enables the firewall to use quantum-resistant encryption for key exchange, which is an essential part of securing communications against the potential future threats posed by quantum computing.

By selecting IKE v2 Preferred and enabling the PQ KEM option under Advanced Options, you can add specific Rounds for the post-quantum cryptography process, which will help in implementing quantum-resistant key exchange methods.

This option similarly selects IKE v2 and enables PQ KEM while also creating a dedicated IKE Crypto Profile with the necessary Rounds configured for post-quantum cryptography.

When configuring the Log Forwarding profile on a Palo Alto Networks firewall, the forwarding methods available include:

Panorama: For forwarding logs to a Panorama management system.

Syslog: For forwarding logs to a syslog server.

Email: For sending logs via email.

When a Palo Alto Networks firewall receives routes for the same destination from different routing protocols, it uses the administrative distance (AD) to determine the best route. The administrative distance is a measure of the trustworthiness of a route, with a lower value indicating higher preference. The firewall will choose the route with the lowest administrative distance to populate its forwarding table.

In a Multi-VSYS (Virtual System) architecture, Palo Alto Networks firewalls require a specific logical construct to facilitate communication that stays within the physical device. While traditional Layer 3 zones must be bound to physical interfaces, sub-interfaces, or aggregate groups,inter-VSYS communicationrelies on a specialized zone configuration known as theExternalzone type.

When traffic is routed between virtual routers using the next-vr command, the firewall needs a logical "hand-off" point to pass the session from one VSYS context to another. To achieve this, an engineer must create a zone in each VSYS and explicitly set itsType to External. These External zones do not attach to physical ports; instead, they serve as the entry and exit points for the internal backplane.

If the engineer attempts to use a standard Layer 3 zone for this purpose without an associated physical interface, the traffic will fail to egress the source VSYS or ingress the destination VSYS. Even if theSecurity PolicyandVirtual Routersettings are technically accurate, the session cannot be established because the logical path is incomplete. Therefore, assigning theExternal zone typeis a mandatory architectural requirement to bridge the gap between two logically separated virtual systems within the same hardware chassis.