A company has thousands of AWS Lambda functions. While reviewing the Lambda functions, a security engineer discovers that sensitive information is being stored in environment variables and is viewable as plaintext in the Lambda console. The values of the sensitive information are only a few characters long.
What is the MOST cost-effective way to address this security issue?
A company stores images for a website in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company is using Amazon CloudFront to serve the images to end users. The company recently discovered that the images are being accessed from countries where the company does not have a distribution license.
Which actions should the company take to secure the images to limit their distribution? (Select TWO.)
A company is using AWS Organizations with nested OUs to manage AWS accounts. The company has a custom compliance monitoring service for the accounts. The monitoring service runs as an AWS Lambda function and is invoked by Amazon EventBridge Scheduler.
The company needs to deploy the monitoring service in all existing and future accounts in the organization. The company must avoid using the organization's management account when the management account is not required.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A company is running a container-based workload on AWS. The workload runs on an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster and uses container images from an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository.
The company recently experienced a security incident that involved a container image that included critical vulnerabilities. A CI/CD pipeline that was running outside AWS uploaded the image to the ECR repository and deployed the image to the ECS cluster.
Which solution will prevent images that have vulnerabilities from being pushed to the ECR repository?
A company’s security team needs to receive a notification whenever an AWS access key has not been rotated in 90 or more days. A security engineer must develop a solution that provides these notifications automatically.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of effort?
Amazon GuardDuty has detected communications to a known command and control endpoint from a company's Amazon EC2 instance. The instance was found to be running a vulnerable version of a common web framework. The company's security operations team wants to quickly identity other compute resources with the specific version of that framework installed.
Which approach should the team take to accomplish this task?
A company has secured the AWS account root user for its AWS account by following AWS best practices. The company also has enabled AWS CloudTrail, which issending its logs to Amazon S3. A security engineer wants to receive notification in near-real time if a user uses the AWS account root user credentials to sign in to theAWS Management Console.
Which solutions will provide this notification? (Select TWO.)
A company is running an application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application stores logs locally. A security engineer noticed that logs were lost after a scale-in event. The security engineer needs to recommend a solution to ensure the durability and availability of log data All logs must be kept for a minimum of 1 year for auditing purposes. What should the security engineer recommend?
A company has implemented IAM WAF and Amazon CloudFront for an application. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances that are part of an Auto Scaling group. The Auto Scaling group is behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB).
The IAM WAF web ACL uses an IAM Managed Rules rule group and is associated with the CloudFront distribution. CloudFront receives the request from IAM WAF and then uses the ALB as the distribution's origin.
During a security review, a security engineer discovers that the infrastructure is susceptible to a large, layer 7 DDoS attack.
How can the security engineer improve the security at the edge of the solution to defend against this type of attack?
A security engineer is working with a development team to design a supply chain application that stores sensitive inventory data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The application will use an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key to encrypt the data in Amazon S3.
The inventory data in Amazon S3 will be shared with hundreds of vendors. All vendors will use AWS principals from their own AWS accounts to access the data in Amazon S3. The vendor list might change weekly.
The security engineer needs to find a solution that supports cross-account access.
Which solution is the MOST operationally efficient way to manage access control for the customer managed key?
TESTED 29 Jan 2026
