An application is running on an Amazon EC2 instance that has an IAM role attached. The IAM role provides access to an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key and an Amazon S3 bucket. The key is used to access 2 TB of sensitive data that is stored in the S3 bucket.
A security engineer discovers a potential vulnerability on the EC2 instance that could result in the compromise of the sensitive data. Due to other critical operations, the security engineer cannot immediately shut down the EC2 instance for vulnerability patching.
What is the FASTEST way to prevent the sensitive data from being exposed?
A company uses several AWS CloudFormation stacks to handle the deployment of a suite of applications. The leader of the company's application development team notices that the stack deployments fail with permission errors when some team members try to deploy the stacks. However, other team members can deploy the stacks successfully.
The team members access the account by assuming a role that has a specific set of permissions that are necessary for the job responsibilities of the team members. All team members have permissions to perform operations on the stacks.
Which combination of steps will ensure consistent deployment of the stacks MOST securely? (Select THREE.)
A company hosts an application on Amazon EC2 instances. The application also uses Amazon S3 and Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS). The application is behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and scales with AWS Auto Scaling.
The company’s security policy requires the use of least privilege access, which has been applied to all existing AWS resources. A security engineer needs to implement private connectivity to AWS services.
Which combination of steps should the security engineer take to meet this requirement? (Select THREE.)
A company is running workloads on AWS. The workloads are in separate AWS accounts for development, testing, and production. All the company's developers can access the development account. A subset of the developers can access the testing account and the production account.
The company is spending too much time managing individual credentials for every developer across every environment. A security engineer must implement a more scalable solution that the company can use when a developer needs different access. The solution must allow developers to access resources across multiple accounts. The solution also must minimize credential sharing.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A company's cloud operations team is responsible for building effective security for IAM cross-account access. The team asks a security engineer to help troubleshoot why some developers in the developer account (123456789012) in the developers group are not able to assume a cross-account role (ReadS3) into a production account (999999999999) to read the contents of an Amazon S3 bucket (productionapp).The two account policies are as follows:
Which recommendations should the security engineer make to resolve this issue? (Select TWO.)
A company uses AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS). During an attempt to attach an encrypted Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume to an Amazon EC2 instance, the attachment fails. The company discovers that a customer managed key has become unusable because the key material for the key was deleted. The company needs the data that is on the EBS volume.
A security engineer must recommend a solution to decrypt the EBS volume's encrypted data key. The solution must also attach the volume to the EC2 instance.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A security engineer is using AWS Organizations and wants to optimize SCPs. The security engineer needs to ensure that the SCPs conform to best practices.
Which approach should the security engineer take to meet this requirement?
A developer at a company uses an SSH key to access multiple Amazon EC2 instances. The company discovers that the SSH key has been posted on a public GitHub repository. A security engineer verifies that the key has not been used recently.
How should the security engineer prevent unauthorized access to the EC2 instances?
An online media company has an application that customers use to watch events around the world. The application is hosted on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances that run Amazon Linux 2. The company uses AWS Systems Manager to manage the EC2 instances. The company applies patches and application updates by using the AWS-AmazonLinux2DefaultPatchBaseline patching baseline in Systems Manager Patch Manager.
The company is concerned about potential attacks on the application during the week of an upcoming event. The company needs a solution that can immediately deploy patches to all the EC2 instances in response to a security incident or vulnerability. The solution also must provide centralized evidence that the patches were applied successfully.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
An AWS account that is used for development projects has a VPC that contains two subnets. The first subnet is named public-subnet-1 and has the CIDR block 192.168.1.0/24 assigned. The other subnet is named private-subnet-2 and has the CIDR block 192.168.2.0/24 assigned. Each subnet contains Amazon EC2 instances.
Each subnet is currently using the VPC's default network ACL. The security groups that the EC2 instances in these subnets use have rules that allow traffic between each instance where required. Currently, all network traffic flow is working as expected between the EC2 instances that are using these subnets.
A security engineer creates a new network ACL that is named subnet-2-NACL with default entries. The security engineer immediately configures private-subnet-2 to use the new network ACL and makes no other changes to the infrastructure. The security engineer starts to receive reports that the EC2 instances in public-subnet-1 and public-subnet-2 cannot communicate with each other.
Which combination of steps should the security engineer take to allow the EC2 instances that are running in these two subnets to communicate again? (Select TWO.)
TESTED 16 Jun 2025
