Salesforce Developers CRT-450 New Questions

 To allow reporting on which companies have reported which bugs, a junction object between Bug__c and Account is needed. A junction object is a custom object with two master-detail relationships, one to each of the objects it is joining. A junction object allows many-to-many relationships between objects, such as Bug__c and Account in this scenario. With a junction object, each bug can be related to multiple accounts, and each account can be related to multiple bugs. A roll-up summary field, a lookup field, or a master-detail field would not allow this kind of relationship, as they only support one-to-many or one-to-one relationships between objects. References:

• Define Relationships Between Custom Objects (Trailhead Module)
• Relationships Among Objects (Salesforce Developer Documentation)
• Free Salesforce Platform Developer 1 Practice Exam (With Answers) (Salesforce Ben)

 The correct answers are A and C because they use partial DML statements and the Database.Savepoint method, which are both best practices for ensuring transaction control and avoiding exceeding governor limits. Partial DML statements allow the developer to specify whether to allow partial success or rollback on failure when performing DML operations on multiple records. This can help avoid hitting the DML row limit (10,000) or the DML statement limit (150) by committing only the valid records and reporting the errors for the invalid ones. The Database.Savepoint method allows the developer to create a savepoint, which is a point in the request that specifies the state of the database at that time. The developer can then use the Database.rollback method to revert the database to the state of a specific savepoint, discarding any changes made after that point. This can help avoid hitting the CPU time limit (10,000 ms) or the heap size limit (6 MB) by rolling back any resource-intensive actions that are not necessary or successful.

The other options are incorrect because they do not provide effective techniques for ensuring transaction control and avoiding exceeding governor limits. Option B uses the System.Limit class to monitor the current CPU governor limit consumption, which is not a best practice. The System.Limit class provides methods to check the current limit usage and the limit value for various governor limits, such as CPU time, heap size, DML statements, etc. However, monitoring the limit consumption does not prevent hitting the limit, and it can also add extra overhead to the code execution. Instead of checking the limit usage, the developer should optimize the code performance and efficiency by using best practices such as bulkification, caching, asynchronous processing, etc. Option D uses the Readonly annotation to bypass the number of rows returned by a SOQL query, which is not a best practice. The Readonly annotation allows the developer to mark an Apex class or method as read-only, which means that it can only query the database and not perform any DML operations. This can increase the maximum number of rows returned by a SOQL query from 50,000 to 1,000,000, but it also restricts the functionality of the class or method. Moreover, bypassing the query row limit does not solve the problem of performing resource-intensive actions in memory by iterating over the result set, which can still hit the CPU time limit or the heap size limit. Instead of using the Readonly annotation, the developer should use best practices such as query filters, selective queries, query limits, etc. to reduce the size of the result set and improve the query performance. References:

• Apex Developer Guide: Using Partial DML
• Apex Developer Guide: Savepoints and Rollbacks
• Apex Developer Guide: Execution Governors and Limits
• Apex Developer Guide: Working with Very Large SOQL Queries

The optimal way to implement this feature is to build a flow with Flow Builder. Flow Builder is a tool that lets you automate business processes by creating flows that execute logic, interact with Salesforce, and call Apex classes. You can use Flow Builder to create a record-triggered flow that runs when an Account record is updated. In the flow, you can use a Get Records element to query the custom object based on the Postal Code field of the Account record. Then, you can use an Assignment element to assign the value of the Timezone field from the custom object record to the Timezone field of the Account record. Finally, you can use an Update Records element to save the changes to the Account record.

Option B is incorrect because an account assignment rule is used to automatically assign account owners based on criteria. It does not update other fields on the account record.

Option C is incorrect because a formula field is a read-only field that derives its value from a formula expression. It cannot be updated by the user or by a trigger.

Option D is incorrect because an account approval process is used to require approval from one or more users before an account record can be saved. It does not update other fields on the account record.

References: Flow Builder (Trailhead)), Record-Triggered Flows (Trailhead)), Account Assignment Rules (Salesforce Help)), Formula Fields (Salesforce Help)), Approval Processes (Salesforce Help))

 SOQL injection is a vulnerability that occurs when user-supplied input is used to construct a dynamic SOQL query without proper validation or escaping. This can allow an attacker to modify the query and execute unintended commands or access unauthorized data. To prevent SOQL injection, it is recommended to use static queries with bind variables or use the escapeSingleQuotes method to sanitize the input. Based on the image descriptions from my tool outputs, the following options are safe from SOQL injection:

• Option A: This option uses a static query with a bind variable, which automatically escapes any malicious input and prevents it from changing the query structure. The bind variable name is obtained from an apex:inputText tag on a Visualforce page and is used as a filter for the Account Name field.
• Option C: This option also uses a static query with a bind variable, which is the same as option A. The only difference is that the bind variable name is obtained from a different apex:inputText tag on the same Visualforce page and is used as a filter for the Contact Name field.

The other options are not safe from SOQL injection because they use dynamic queries with string concatenation, which can allow an attacker to inject SOQL commands into the query string and bypass the intended logic or access unauthorized data.

References: The use of static queries with bind variables and the escapeSingleQuotes method to prevent SOQL injection can be referenced in the Salesforce Platform Developer I learning documents, specifically in modules that cover Apex security and SOQL, such as:

• SOQL Injection
• Secure Coding SQL Injection
• Apex Basics & Database