ISO-IEC-27001-Foundation Exam Dumps - APMG-International ISO/IEC 27001 Questions and Answers

Clause 5.1 (Leadership and Commitment) requires that:

“Top management shall demonstrate leadership and commitment with respect to the information security management system by… ensuring that the resources needed for the ISMS are available… and supporting persons to contribute to the effectiveness of the ISMS.”

This makes it explicit thattop managementhas the responsibility to ensure personnel are supported so they can contribute to the ISMS. Option B (line management) may provide local support, but ultimate accountability rests with top management. Auditors (C) only evaluate compliance, not provide support. Practitioners (D) help implement, but they don’t bear formal responsibility under the standard.

Thus, the verified answer isA: Top management of the organization.

Clause 9.2 (Internal Audit) and Clause 9.3 (Management Review) highlight that audit outputs and management reviews are key inputs for evaluating ISMS performance. Surveillance audits, conducted by Certification Bodies, check ongoing compliance and effectiveness. ISO certification schemes (per ISO/IEC 17021) require surveillance audits to verify whether corrective actions and continuous improvements are being made. A critical focus area is theresults of internal audits and management reviews, ensuring that the organization maintains its ISMS between certification cycles.

Option A is incorrect — third-party audits are performed by independent Certification Bodies, not customers. Option B is incorrect — certificates are typically valid forthree yearswith annual surveillance. Option D is incorrect — Stage 1 is primarily adocumentation and readiness review, not evidence observation.

Therefore, the verified correct answer isC.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract ISO/IEC 27000 standards:

According to ISO/IEC 27000:2018, Clause 3.74, athreatis defined as:

“Potential cause of an unwanted incident, which can result in harm to a system or organization.”

This definition directly matches option A.

Option B refers to an “information security incident” (ISO/IEC 27000:2018, Clause 3.32).

Option C describes a “vulnerability” (ISO/IEC 27000:2018, Clause 3.67).

Option D refers to “residual risk” (ISO/IEC 27000:2018, Clause 3.61).

The standard emphasizes that threats exploit vulnerabilities, causing incidents that can harm information confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Correctly identifying threats is critical for risk assessment (Clause 6.1.2). Thus, the correct definition per ISO/IEC 27000 isA.

Clause 4.3 (Determining the scope of the ISMS) requires consideration of:

“the external and internal issues referred to in 4.1; the requirements referred to in 4.2; and interfaces and dependencies between activities performed by the organization, and those that are performed by other organizations.”

This confirms that dependencies between activities are a required factor when defining scope. Options B (quality levels), C (lessons learned), and D (regular activities for improvement) are not scope requirements, though they may be relevant in planning or improvement processes.

Thus, the verified answer is A: Dependencies between activities performed by the organization.

Clause 10.1 (Nonconformity and corrective action) specifies:

“The organization shall react to the nonconformity and, as applicable: take action to control and correct it; deal with the consequences; evaluate the need for action to eliminate the cause(s)… Corrective actions shall be appropriate to the effects of the nonconformities encountered.”

This confirms optionB. Option A is inaccurate—ISO requires actions appropriate toeffects, not probability alone. Option C is false—policies may need updating to correct nonconformities. Option D is incorrect, as not every cause can always be eliminated; residual issues may exist.

Thus, the verified requirement isB.